Hazzard R V, Schultz B B, Groden E, Ngollo E D, Seidlecki E
Department of Entomology, Agricultural Engineering Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2003 Dec;96(6):1653-61. doi: 10.1093/jee/96.6.1653.
Vegetable and mineral oil, Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki Berliner were evaluated for control of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in sweet corn (Zea mays L.). Field experiments in Maine and Massachusetts during 1993 and 1994 evaluated oils and pathogens singly or in combinations, using a single application directly to the top of the silk channel, immediately after pollination. Mineral oil alone provided equal (1993) or better (1994) control compared with corn oil. In both years, mineral or corn oil plus B. thuringiensis resulted in 93-98% marketable ears, compared with 48-52% marketable ears in untreated plots. In three factorial experiments with B. bassiana, B. thuringiensis and corn oil, B. bassiana at 5 x 10(7) conidia per ear provided little or no control while B. thuringiensis and corn oil provided significant though not always consistent control of all three species. The combination of B. thuringiensis and corn oil provided the largest and most consistent reduction in numbers of larvae and feeding damage to ears.
对植物油和矿物油、球孢白僵菌（Balsamo）以及苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种（Berliner）进行了评估，以确定它们对甜玉米（Zea mays L.）中欧洲玉米螟（Hübner）（鳞翅目：螟蛾科）、棉铃虫（Boddie）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）和草地贪夜蛾（J. E. Smith）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的防治效果。1993年和1994年在缅因州和马萨诸塞州进行的田间试验，单独或组合使用油类和病原体，在授粉后立即直接将其单次施用于花丝通道顶部。与玉米油相比，单独使用矿物油在1993年提供了同等的防治效果，在1994年提供了更好的防治效果。在这两年中，矿物油或玉米油加苏云金芽孢杆菌处理后，可上市的玉米穗率为93% - 98%，而未处理地块的可上市玉米穗率为48% - 52%。在一项关于球孢白僵菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌和玉米油的三因素试验中，每穗5×10⁷个分生孢子的球孢白僵菌几乎没有或根本没有防治效果，而苏云金芽孢杆菌和玉米油对所有三种害虫都提供了显著但并非始终一致的防治效果。苏云金芽孢杆菌和玉米油的组合对幼虫数量和玉米穗的取食危害减少幅度最大且最稳定。
