Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
Nephrology (Carlton). 2011 Nov;16(8):751-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2011.01489.x.
Only few studies have reported that betel nut (BN) chewing is independently associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, the sample size was relatively small. This study was to explore further the association between BN chewing and CKD using a larger case series.
We retrospectively reviewed the records of a health check-up program from 2003 to 2009. Laboratory tests, medical history and status of cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and BN chewing were compared between CKD and non-CKD groups. We checked interaction effects between BN chewing and all other covariates, and conducted multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the risk of CKD with BN chewing.
A total of 27 482 participants (15 491 females and 11 991 males, mean age 58.02 ± 11.85 years) were included in the study, of whom 4519 (16.4%) had CKD and 1608 (5.9%) chewed BN. CKD prevalence in the chewers was higher than in the non-chewers in all age groups per decade. BN chewing was significantly associated with CKD in overall subjects (odds ratio (OR) = 1.23, P = 0.027) and also in the male (OR = 1.23, P = 0.035), non-drinking (OR = 1.62, P = 0.000), non-diabetic (OR = 1.27, P = 0.021), and non-proteinuric groups (OR = 1.30, P = 0.013). This relationship was insignificant in female, drinking, diabetic and proteinuric groups.
The association between BN chewing and CKD seemed conditional on demographics, health behaviours, and underlying co-morbidities. This association should be interpreted cautiously.
仅有少数研究报告称，嚼槟榔（BN）与慢性肾脏病（CKD）独立相关；然而，样本量相对较小。本研究旨在使用更大的病例系列进一步探讨 BN 咀嚼与 CKD 之间的关联。
我们回顾性审查了 2003 年至 2009 年健康检查计划的记录。比较 CKD 组和非 CKD 组的实验室检查、病史以及吸烟、饮酒和 BN 咀嚼状况。我们检查了 BN 咀嚼与所有其他协变量之间的交互作用，并进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以探讨 BN 咀嚼与 CKD 的风险。
共纳入 27482 名参与者（15491 名女性和 11991 名男性，平均年龄 58.02±11.85 岁），其中 4519 名（16.4%）患有 CKD，1608 名（5.9%）咀嚼 BN。在所有年龄组中，咀嚼者的 CKD 患病率均高于非咀嚼者。BN 咀嚼与总体人群的 CKD 显著相关（比值比（OR）=1.23，P=0.027），在男性（OR=1.23，P=0.035）、非饮酒者（OR=1.62，P=0.000）、非糖尿病者（OR=1.27，P=0.021）和非蛋白尿组（OR=1.30，P=0.013）中也存在显著相关性。但在女性、饮酒者、糖尿病患者和蛋白尿患者中，这种相关性不显著。
BN 咀嚼与 CKD 之间的关联似乎取决于人口统计学、健康行为和潜在的合并症。这种关联应谨慎解释。
