Pokorny Joel
Visual Science Laboratories, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Vis. 2011 Jul 7;11(5):1-23. doi: 10.1167/11.5.7.
In the mid-1990s, the Pokorny and Smith research group began a series of psychophysical experiments with the aim of separately measuring magnocellular (MC)- and parvocellular (PC)-pathway mediated achromatic contrast discrimination. Three paradigms provide complementary information: The pulsed-pedestal paradigm reveals PC contrast gain, the steady-pedestal paradigm reveals steady-state MC-pathway sensitivity, and the pedestal-Δ-pedestal paradigm reveals MC contrast gain. Further studies investigated the temporal and spatial summation properties of the underlying mechanisms and extended the work to include measures of spatial resolution, chromatic contrast discrimination, the detection and identification of stimulus polarity, and the inferred retinal mechanisms mediating illusory distortions. Other laboratories have also applied the methods to the study of normal and clinically impaired vision. This review describes the pedestal methodologies, how they relate to physiology, and how they have been and should be employed.
20世纪90年代中期，波科尔尼（Pokorny）和史密斯（Smith）的研究团队开展了一系列心理物理学实验，旨在分别测量大细胞（MC）通路和小细胞（PC）通路介导的消色差对比度辨别能力。三种范式提供了互补信息：脉冲- pedestal范式揭示了PC对比度增益，稳定- pedestal范式揭示了稳态MC通路敏感性，而pedestal-Δ-pedestal范式揭示了MC对比度增益。进一步的研究调查了潜在机制的时间和空间总和特性，并将这项工作扩展到包括空间分辨率测量、颜色对比度辨别、刺激极性的检测和识别，以及介导虚幻扭曲的推断视网膜机制。其他实验室也将这些方法应用于正常和临床受损视力的研究。这篇综述描述了pedestal方法、它们与生理学的关系，以及它们过去和应该如何被应用。
