Jaskuła Radomir, Soszyńska-Maj Agnieszka
Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
Zookeys. 2011(100):517-32. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.100.1543. Epub 2011 May 20.
This paper summarizes the current knowledge on winter active Carabidae in Central and Northern Europe. In total 73 winter active species are listed, based on literature and own observations. Ground beetles are among the three most numerous Coleoptera families active during the autumn to spring period. The winter community of Carabidae is composed both of larvae (mainly autumn breeding species) and adults, as well as of epigeic species and those inhabiting tree trunks. Supranivean fauna is characterized by lower species diversity than the subnivean fauna. The activity of ground beetles decreases in late autumn, is lowest during mid-winter and increases in early spring. Carabidae are noted as an important food source in the diet of insectivorous mammals. They are also predators, hunting small winter active invertebrates.
本文总结了中欧和北欧关于冬季活跃的步甲科昆虫的现有知识。基于文献和自身观察，共列出了73种冬季活跃的物种。步甲是秋季至春季期间活动最为频繁的鞘翅目三个科之一。步甲科的冬季群落由幼虫（主要是秋季繁殖的物种）和成虫组成，既有地表物种，也有栖息在树干上的物种。雪上动物区系的物种多样性低于雪下动物区系。步甲的活动在深秋时减少，在冬季中期最低，而在早春时增加。步甲被认为是食虫哺乳动物饮食中的重要食物来源。它们也是捕食者，会捕食小型冬季活跃的无脊椎动物。
