Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, United States.
Anal Chem. 2011 Aug 15;83(16):6381-8. doi: 10.1021/ac201377m. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
The aminoalkylindole agonists JWH-018 and JWH-073 are contained in "K2/SPICE" products sold as "legal marijuana". Previous human metabolic studies have identified (ω)-hydroxyl and (ω)-carboxyl metabolites as biomarkers that are indicative of product use. However, other primary metabolites exhibiting similar chromatographic properties and mass spectra are also excreted in human urine. Analytical standards were used in this study to identify new primary metabolites as (ω-1)-hydroxyl derivatives of JWH-018 and JWH-073. The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) procedure, coupled with an automated solid-phase extraction procedure incorporating deuterium-labeled internal standards, provides rapid resolution of the (ω)- and (ω-1) metabolites with adequate sensitivity, precision, and accuracy for trace analysis in human urine. Results from four urine specimens collected after individuals reportedly self-administered either JWH-018 or a mixture of JWH-018 and JWH-073 showed the following: (1) all tested metabolites were excreted in high concentrations, (2) (ω)- and (ω-1)-hydroxyl metabolites were exclusively excreted as glucuronic acid conjugates, and (3) ∼5%-80% of the (ω)-carboxyl metabolites was excreted as glucuronic acid conjugates. This is the first report to identify and quantify (ω-1)-hydroxyl metabolites of JWH-018 and JWH-073 and the first to incorporate automated extraction procedures using deuterium-labeled internal standards. Full clinical validation awaits further testing.
氨基烷基吲哚激动剂 JWH-018 和 JWH-073 存在于作为“合法大麻”出售的“K2/SPICE”产品中。先前的人体代谢研究已经确定 (ω)-羟基和 (ω)-羧酸代谢物作为指示产品使用的生物标志物。然而,其他具有相似色谱性质和质谱的主要代谢物也在人体尿液中排泄。在这项研究中,使用分析标准品来鉴定新的主要代谢物,即 JWH-018 和 JWH-073 的 (ω-1)-羟基衍生物。液相色谱串联质谱 (LC-MS/MS) 程序,结合自动固相萃取程序,包含氘标记的内标,可快速分离 (ω)-和 (ω-1) 代谢物,具有足够的灵敏度、精密度和准确度,可用于痕量分析人体尿液中的代谢物。在据称个体自行使用 JWH-018 或 JWH-018 和 JWH-073 的混合物后收集的四个尿液样本的结果表明:(1) 所有测试的代谢物均以高浓度排泄,(2) (ω)-和 (ω-1)-羟基代谢物仅作为葡萄糖醛酸缀合物排泄,以及 (3) 约 5%-80%的 (ω)-羧酸代谢物作为葡萄糖醛酸缀合物排泄。这是首次报道鉴定和定量 JWH-018 和 JWH-073 的 (ω-1)-羟基代谢物,并首次采用氘标记内标进行自动提取程序。全面的临床验证有待进一步测试。