Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Trop Med Int Health. 2011 Oct;16(10):1192-205. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02837.x. Epub 2011 Jul 10.
To review the literature on the susceptibility of common community pathogens in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia to the macrolide antibiotics.
Inclusion criteria required that isolates were collected since 2004 to ensure results were of contemporary relevance. The data were aggregated by region, age group and sterility of site of culture sample.
A total of 51 studies were identified, which reported the macrolide antimicrobial susceptibilities of common bacterial pathogens isolated since 2004. In general, there was less macrolide resistance in African than in Asian isolates. Most African studies reported high levels of macrolide susceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae, whereas most Chinese studies reported high levels of resistance. There was very little information available for Gram-negative organisms.
Susceptibility of the pneumococcus to macrolides in SSA remains high in many areas, and good activity of azithromycin has been shown against Salmonellae spp. in Asia. In urban areas where high antibiotic consumption is prevalent, there was evidence of increased resistance to macrolides. However, there is no information on susceptibility from large areas in both continents.
综述撒哈拉以南非洲和亚洲常见社区病原体对大环内酯类抗生素的敏感性的文献。
纳入标准要求分离株采集自 2004 年以后，以确保结果具有当代相关性。按地区、年龄组和培养样本部位的无菌性对数据进行汇总。
共确定了 51 项研究，报告了 2004 年以来常见细菌病原体对大环内酯类抗生素的药敏性。总体而言，非洲分离株的大环内酯类耐药性低于亚洲分离株。大多数非洲研究报告肺炎链球菌对大环内酯类药物的高度敏感性，而大多数中国研究报告其高度耐药性。有关革兰氏阴性菌的信息非常有限。
在许多地区，SSA 中肺炎球菌对大环内酯类药物的敏感性仍然很高，并且阿奇霉素对亚洲的沙门氏菌属具有良好的活性。在抗生素使用量较高的城市地区，大环内酯类药物的耐药性证据增加。然而，这两个大陆的大部分地区都没有关于药敏性的信息。
