BRAMS Laboratory and Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Prog Brain Res. 2011;191:103-18. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53752-2.00010-2.
Singing is an important cultural activity, yet many people are hesitant to sing, because they feel they do not sing well. This chapter reviews the work that has been done concerning singing among nonmusicians, focusing on pitch accuracy, which is one of the most important aspects of singing. First, we look at the prevalence of poor pitch singing and examine what it means to be a poor singer. Next, we look at the possible causes of poor singing and examine the possible roles of perceptual deficits, sensorimotor translation deficits, motor control deficits, and feedback deficits. Whereas many previous studies have tried to explain poor singing by positing perceptual problems, we argue that the current evidence supports sensorimotor translation deficits and motor control deficits as the more likely causes. Finally, we examine the neural bases of singing and the possibility of a dual-pathway basis for pitch perception and production. Based on these studies, we suggest changes to improve the singing abilities of poor singers.
唱歌是一种重要的文化活动，但许多人却因为觉得自己唱得不好而犹豫不决。本章回顾了针对非音乐人士唱歌的研究工作，重点关注了唱歌中最重要的一个方面——音准。首先，我们观察了音准不佳的流行程度，并探讨了何为“唱得不好”。接下来，我们探讨了唱歌不好的可能原因，以及感知缺陷、感觉运动转换缺陷、运动控制缺陷和反馈缺陷可能扮演的角色。尽管许多之前的研究试图通过假设感知问题来解释唱歌不好的原因，但我们认为，现有证据支持感觉运动转换缺陷和运动控制缺陷才是更有可能的原因。最后，我们考察了唱歌的神经基础，以及音高感知和产生可能存在双通路基础的可能性。基于这些研究，我们提出了一些改变，以期提高音准不佳的唱歌者的唱歌能力。
