Institute of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstr. 3-5, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Immunobiology. 2011 Nov;216(11):1184-91. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jun 21.
Pathogen recognition by the innate immune system is essential for the induction of adaptive T cell responses. A diverse range of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by a variety of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Among these are the well known Toll-like receptors (TLR) and the more recently described C-type lectin receptors (CLR) which utilize distinct signaling pathways leading to a diverse repertoire of effector molecules produced. The composition of the inflammatory juice released from activated innate immune cells has a major impact on the polarization of Th cell responses. Defined PAMPs may therefore be used as adjuvants to direct adaptive immune responses to subunit vaccines. Targeting CLR is an alternative or complementary strategy to TLR-triggering adjuvants that will benefit the development of more efficient subunit vaccines for prevention of major human infectious diseases. In this short review, we discuss the potential of CLRs activating APC via the Syk-Card9 pathway as receptors for adjuvants that direct the development of robust Th17 and Th1 responses to subunit vaccines.
先天免疫系统通过识别病原体相关分子模式（PAMPs）来启动适应性 T 细胞反应。多种病原体识别受体（PRRs）能够识别不同的 PAMPs。其中包括著名的 Toll 样受体（TLR）和最近描述的 C 型凝集素受体（CLR），它们利用不同的信号通路，产生多样化的效应分子。从激活的先天免疫细胞中释放的炎症液的组成对 Th 细胞反应的极化有重大影响。因此，定义明确的 PAMPs 可用作佐剂，将适应性免疫反应引导至亚单位疫苗。靶向 CLR 是 TLR 触发佐剂的替代或补充策略，这将有利于开发更有效的亚单位疫苗来预防主要的人类传染病。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了通过 Syk-Card9 途径激活 APC 的 CLRs 作为佐剂受体的潜力，这些佐剂能够引导亚单位疫苗产生强大的 Th17 和 Th1 反应。
