Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2011 Apr;33(2):246-51. doi: 10.1007/s11096-011-9487-0. Epub 2011 Feb 25.
To evaluate the utilization of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in South Bačka District (SBD), Serbia.
State-owned and private pharmacies in SBD, a northern district of Serbia, with 605,720 inhabitants (according to the 2008 census).
Data on the number of packages, size of packages, and retail price of NSAIDs (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) group M01A) from 1 January to 31 March 2008 were obtained from all state-owned and private pharmacies in SBD. This included NSAIDs bought without prescription and those issued by prescription (on the Health Insurance Companies List for Reimbursement). The number of defined daily doses/1000 inhabitants/day (DDD/1000 inh/day) was calculated. Within the DU90% (drug utilization 90%) segment, the proportion of high-, medium- and low-risk NSAIDs with respect to the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding was determined. Price/DDD was also calculated.
Consumption of drugs expressed as DDD/1000 inh/day.
The total consumption of NSAIDs over a 3-month period was 48.31 DDD/1000 inh/day. Only four drugs were within DU90%: diclofenac, ibuprofen, nimesulide and meloxicam (62.14, 19.87, 5.77, and 5.73% of total NSAID consumption, respectively). All dispensed NSAIDs within the DU90% segment except nimesulide (which was exclusively purchased without prescription) were nearly equally purchased without prescription and issued by prescription. The average price per DDD within the DU90% segment was 0.17 Euro/DDD, whereas it was 0.30 Euro/DDD for NSAIDs beyond the DU90% segment. The pattern of use of NSAIDs according to their GI risk showed that medium-risk diclofenac accounted for 66.45%, whereas low-risk ibuprofen was estimated to be 21.25% within the DU90% segment.
Factors other than evidence-based medicine (such as poor health education in the past that led to long-lasting consequences on the cultural behaviour of the general population as well as on the prescribing habits of physicians) have a dominating impact on the use of NSAIDs in SBD. Targeted education from independent sources in the prescribing, dispensing and use of drugs is required to improve the quality of prescription and use of NSAIDs in Serbia.
评估塞尔维亚南巴奇卡区（SBD）非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）的使用情况。
SBD 是塞尔维亚北部的一个区，拥有 605720 名居民（根据 2008 年的人口普查），区内有国有和私营药店。
从 SBD 的所有国有和私营药店获得 2008 年 1 月 1 日至 3 月 31 日期间 NSAIDs（解剖治疗化学分类 M01A）的包装数量、包装大小和零售价格数据。这包括无需处方购买的 NSAIDs 和凭处方购买的 NSAIDs（在可报销的健康保险公司清单上）。计算了每千居民每日限定日剂量数（DDD/1000inh/day）。在 DU90%（药物利用率 90%）部分内，确定了胃肠道出血风险的高、中、低风险 NSAIDs 的比例。还计算了价格/DDD。
用 DDD/1000inh/day 表示的药物消费。
三个月内 NSAIDs 的总消耗量为 48.31 DDD/1000inh/day。只有四种药物在 DU90%内：双氯芬酸、布洛芬、尼美舒利和美洛昔康（分别占 NSAID 总消耗量的 62.14%、19.87%、5.77%和 5.73%）。DU90% 部分内所有配给的 NSAIDs 除了尼美舒利（尼美舒利仅凭处方购买）外，几乎都是凭处方和无处方购买的。DU90% 部分内每个 DDD 的平均价格为 0.17 欧元/DDD，而超过 DU90%部分的 NSAIDs 为 0.30 欧元/DDD。根据胃肠道风险使用 NSAIDs 的模式表明，中等风险的双氯芬酸占 66.45%，而低风险的布洛芬估计在 DU90%部分内占 21.25%。
除循证医学以外的因素（例如过去缺乏健康教育，这对普通人群的文化行为以及医生的处方习惯产生了持久的影响）对 SBD 中 NSAIDs 的使用有主导影响。需要来自独立来源的有针对性的药物处方、配药和使用方面的教育，以提高塞尔维亚 NSAIDs 的处方和使用质量。
