Graduate School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
Gerontologist. 2012 Jun;52(3):325-34. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnr072. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
This study examines different types of individual-level social capital (bonding, bridging, and linking) and their relationships with physical and emotional health among older Chinese living in urban and rural settings.
Using the 2005 China General Social Survey, physical and emotional health were regressed on social capital controlling for sociodemographic variables by urban and rural Chinese aged 65 years and older.
Bonding social capital was significantly associated with physical and emotional health (β = .14; p < .001 and β = .11; p < .01, respectively), and linking social capital was significantly associated with physical health (β = .11; p < .01) among the urban older Chinese. No significant associations between social capital measures and health were found among rural elders.
The relationship between social capital and health outcomes should take into account geographical setting. Efforts to increase social capital in the hope of decreasing health disparity might be inadequate without eliminating China's unique rural-urban distinction in distributing economic and social resources. Further conceptualization of social capital may be required for the Eastern context.
本研究考察了不同类型的个体层面社会资本（联系、桥接和联系）及其与城乡老年人身体和心理健康的关系。
使用 2005 年中国综合社会调查，将社会资本与城乡 65 岁及以上老年人的社会人口统计学变量进行控制，回归身体和心理健康。
城乡老年人中，联系社会资本与身体和心理健康显著相关（β=0.14；p<.001 和 β=0.11；p<.01），而联系社会资本与身体状况显著相关（β=0.11；p<.01）。在农村老年人中，社会资本测量与健康之间没有显著关联。
社会资本与健康结果之间的关系应考虑到地理环境。如果不消除中国在分配经济和社会资源方面独特的城乡差异，增加社会资本以减少健康差距的努力可能是不够的。对于东方背景，可能需要进一步概念化社会资本。
