Kirk Heather, Freeland Joanna R
Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada; E-Mail:
Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(6):3966-88. doi: 10.3390/ijms12063966. Epub 2011 Jun 14.
The field of molecular ecology has expanded enormously in the past two decades, largely because of the growing ease with which neutral molecular genetic data can be obtained from virtually any taxonomic group. However, there is also a growing awareness that neutral molecular data can provide only partial insight into parameters such as genetic diversity, local adaptation, evolutionary potential, effective population size, and taxonomic designations. Here we review some of the applications of neutral versus adaptive markers in molecular ecology, discuss some of the advantages that can be obtained by supplementing studies of molecular ecology with data from non-neutral molecular markers, and summarize new methods that are enabling researchers to generate data from genes that are under selection.
在过去二十年中，分子生态学领域得到了极大的扩展，这主要是因为从几乎任何分类群中获取中性分子遗传数据变得越来越容易。然而，人们也越来越意识到，中性分子数据只能部分洞察遗传多样性、局部适应性、进化潜力、有效种群大小和分类学命名等参数。在这里，我们回顾了中性标记与适应性标记在分子生态学中的一些应用，讨论了通过用非中性分子标记的数据补充分子生态学研究可以获得的一些优势，并总结了使研究人员能够从受选择的基因中生成数据的新方法。
