Department of Developmental, Personality, and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2012 Jun;51(2):221-38. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02039.x. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
Longitudinal effects of intergroup contact on prejudice were investigated in a sample of 65 young adults (Sample 1) and a sample of their close friends (Sample 2, N= 172), adopting a full cross-lagged panel design. We first validated the self-report measure of intergroup contact from Sample 1 with observer ratings from Sample 2 by demonstrating that self-reports and observer ratings of contact were highly correlated. Moreover, we obtained significant cross-lagged effects of intergroup contact on prejudice with both contact measures, thereby providing a second validation for the use of self-reports of intergroup contact. Finally, by the use of latent change modelling, we demonstrated that, although no overall significant change in contact and prejudice over time was found, there was meaningful variation in absolute change in the individual levels of intergroup contact and prejudice. In particular, some individuals showed increases while others showed decreases in contact or prejudice across time. Moreover, higher levels of intergroup contact at Time 1 were followed by larger subsequent decreases in prejudice between Time 1 and Time 2, and changes in contact were significantly and negatively related to changes in prejudice. Methodological implications of the findings are discussed.
采用全交叉滞后面板设计，在 65 名年轻成年人样本（样本 1）及其密友样本（样本 2，N=172）中研究了群体间接触对偏见的纵向影响。我们首先通过证明接触的自我报告和观察者评定高度相关，验证了样本 1 中群体间接触的自我报告测量与样本 2 中的观察者评定之间的有效性。此外，我们还通过群体间接触的交叉滞后效应获得了显著的结果，这两种接触测量方法均提供了群体间接触自我报告的有效性的第二个验证。最后，通过使用潜在变化模型，我们证明了尽管没有发现接触和偏见随时间的总体显著变化，但群体间接触和偏见的个体水平的绝对变化存在有意义的差异。具体来说，有些人在接触或偏见方面随着时间的推移而增加，而其他人则减少。此外，较高水平的接触在第一时间导致第一时间和第二时间之间偏见的后续下降幅度更大，接触的变化与偏见的变化呈显著负相关。讨论了研究结果的方法学意义。
