Phillips Gillian, Monaghan W Patrick
Nurse Anesthesia Program, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, USA.
AANA J. 2011 Jun;79(3):257-67.
Many modern diagnostic and surgical procedures rely heavily on the use of ionizing radiation. These procedures include computed tomography, nuclear medicine procedures, interventional radiology, and cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology procedures. Recent trends toward increased patient visits and patients with multiple challenging comorbidities have meant that anesthesia providers are increasingly required to provide services in the ancillary areas using ionizing radiation. As a result, anesthesia providers are at a greater-than-ever risk for excessive radiation doses. An overview of some of the basic principles of radiation biology, radiation physics, and radiation protection and specific guidelines related to radiation exposure and pregnancy are described. The effects of radiation exposure are cumulative and permanent, and an understanding of these principles and practices will help anesthesia providers keep their occupational exposure to a minimum.
许多现代诊断和外科手术严重依赖电离辐射的使用。这些手术包括计算机断层扫描、核医学检查、介入放射学以及心脏导管插入术和电生理检查。近期患者就诊次数增加以及患有多种复杂合并症的患者增多的趋势意味着麻醉医护人员越来越需要在使用电离辐射的辅助区域提供服务。因此，麻醉医护人员面临的辐射剂量过高风险比以往任何时候都大。本文介绍了辐射生物学、辐射物理学和辐射防护的一些基本原理概述以及与辐射暴露和怀孕相关的具体指南。辐射暴露的影响是累积性的且是永久性的，了解这些原理和做法将有助于麻醉医护人员将其职业暴露降至最低。
