University of Tokyo, Department of Advanced Clinical Science and Therapeutics, Hongo, Bunkyo, Japan.
Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2011 Oct;15(10):1163-72. doi: 10.1517/14728222.2011.601294. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
Although prognosis in acute myocarditis is generally moderate, giant cell myocarditis shows poor prognosis. Giant cell myocarditis is considered to be an autoimmune disease, however, its pathophysiology and specific treatment is yet to be elucidated.
This article reviews the clinical characteristics of autoimmune myocarditis and its possible future treatments. An animal model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) is characterized by severe myocardial damage and multinucleated giant cell infiltration, and this has been used as a disease model for human acute giant cell myocarditis. Using experimental models, we reported that NF-κB, cytokines, adhesion molecules and other factors play a critical role in the development of autoimmune myocarditis.
Giant cell myocarditis, an autoimmune form of myocarditis, has a high mortality rate unless mechanical support or cardiac transplantation is performed. Therefore, further therapeutic applications of novel methodologies are needed to expand the number of alternative choices for treating autoimmune myocarditis.
尽管急性心肌炎的预后通常较为良好，但巨细胞性心肌炎的预后则较差。巨细胞性心肌炎被认为是一种自身免疫性疾病，但该病的病理生理学和具体治疗方法仍有待阐明。
本文综述了自身免疫性心肌炎的临床特征及其可能的未来治疗方法。实验性自身免疫性心肌炎（EAM）的动物模型表现为严重的心肌损伤和多核巨细胞浸润，可作为人类急性巨细胞性心肌炎的疾病模型。使用实验模型，我们报告称 NF-κB、细胞因子、黏附分子等因素在自身免疫性心肌炎的发展中发挥着关键作用。
巨细胞性心肌炎是一种自身免疫性心肌炎，除非进行机械支持或心脏移植，否则死亡率很高。因此，需要进一步应用新的方法学来扩大治疗自身免疫性心肌炎的替代方案选择。
