Biologicals. 1990 Jul;18(3):225-33.
The use of animal models in the preclinical evaluation of anti-HIV drugs and vaccines was discussed at an informal consultation at World Health Organization headquarters in Geneva, 14-15 September 1989. The consultation was attended by six experts from four countries. HIV animal models, other lentivirus/animal models and oncornavirus/animal models were discussed, and their advantages and disadvantages were compared to hypothetical ideal HIV/animal models for preclinical evaluation of anti-HIV drugs and vaccines. The consultation concluded that infection of rhesus monkeys with the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) presently represents the best model system available since SIV closely resembles HIV in molecular architecture and pathogenicity. However, costs and availability of rhesus monkeys preclude widespread use for testing, and in many instances, other animal/retrovirus systems can be substituted. Schemes for the rational development of candidate anti-HIV drugs and vaccines were proposed. Recommendations were made to the World Health Organization, which include the use of appropriate small animal models prior to studies in non-human primates, restricting the use of chimpanzees to the final stages of vaccine testing after a prototype SIV vaccine has been shown to prevent infection, and gathering information on safety and efficacy in animal models prior to the initiation of phase I trials in humans.
1989年9月14日至15日，在日内瓦世界卫生组织总部举行的一次非正式磋商会议上，讨论了动物模型在抗艾滋病毒药物和疫苗临床前评估中的应用。来自四个国家的六位专家参加了此次磋商。会上讨论了艾滋病毒动物模型、其他慢病毒/动物模型和肿瘤病毒/动物模型，并将它们的优缺点与用于抗艾滋病毒药物和疫苗临床前评估的假设理想艾滋病毒/动物模型进行了比较。磋商得出结论，用猿猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）感染恒河猴目前是可用的最佳模型系统，因为SIV在分子结构和致病性方面与艾滋病毒极为相似。然而，恒河猴的成本和可得性使其无法广泛用于测试，在许多情况下，可以用其他动物/逆转录病毒系统替代。会上提出了抗艾滋病毒候选药物和疫苗合理开发的方案。向世界卫生组织提出了建议，包括在进行非人类灵长类动物研究之前使用合适的小动物模型，在原型SIV疫苗已被证明可预防感染后，将黑猩猩的使用限制在疫苗测试的最后阶段，并在启动人体I期试验之前收集动物模型中的安全性和有效性信息。
