Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA.
J Adolesc. 2012 Feb;35(1):107-18. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
The current study examined the curvilinear links between involvement in organized activities (OA) and sport activities specifically and various indicators of psychological and social development. Participants included 150 9th and 10th graders (57% females) from an urban, selective-enrollment high school. Eligibility for admission is based on city residence, high GPA, and high scores on standardized tests and an admission exam. Findings indicated that benefits of OA involvement leveled off at approximately 5-7 h/week, with diminishing returns for adolescents participating in more than 10 h/week. Results also suggest that OA involvement uniquely impacts male and lower-income participants. Males reported threshold effects in terms of perceived friendship competence and depressive symptoms. Male sport participants and lower-income adolescents reported a similar pattern for loneliness. Findings suggest that among a high achieving sample of urban adolescents, social and psychological benefits are linked to moderate but not intense involvement in OAs and sports.
本研究考察了参与组织活动（OA）和体育活动与各种心理和社会发展指标之间的曲线关系。参与者包括来自一所城市选择性招生高中的 150 名 9 年级和 10 年级学生（57%为女性）。入学资格基于城市居住、高 GPA、标准化考试和入学考试的高分。研究结果表明，OA 参与的益处在每周 5-7 小时左右趋于平稳，每周参与超过 10 小时的青少年回报递减。研究结果还表明，OA 参与对男性和低收入参与者有独特的影响。男性报告说，在感知友谊能力和抑郁症状方面存在阈值效应。男性体育参与者和低收入青少年在孤独感方面也表现出类似的模式。研究结果表明，在一个高成就的城市青少年样本中，社会和心理益处与适度但不过度的 OA 和体育参与有关。
