Le Strat Yann, Dubertret Caroline
Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, hôpital Louis-Mourier, service de psychiatrie du Professeur Adès, Colombes, France.
Presse Med. 2012 Jan;41(1):32-6. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2011.05.012. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
There are no straightforward relationships between stressful life events, genetic factors and alcohol use. Human and animal-based studies suggest that stress exposure increase the risk of alcohol use and relapse among alcohol-dependent subjects. The physiological mechanisms underlying these links remain unknown. Alcohol dependence heritability ranges between 50% and 70%. Of the potentially involved genes, CRH-R1 appears as a plausible candidate in the literature. The present review emphasizes the relationship between variations of genes coding for proteins involved in physiological answer to stress and alcohol use, within the hypothesis of a gene x environment interaction.
应激性生活事件、遗传因素与酒精使用之间不存在直接关联。基于人类和动物的研究表明，接触应激源会增加酒精依赖者酒精使用及复发的风险。这些关联背后的生理机制尚不清楚。酒精依赖的遗传度在50%至70%之间。在可能涉及的基因中，促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体1（CRH-R1）在文献中似乎是一个合理的候选基因。本综述强调了在基因与环境相互作用的假设下，编码参与应激生理反应的蛋白质的基因变异与酒精使用之间的关系。
