Bergström T, Alestig K, Svennerholm B, Horal P, Sköldenberg B, Vahlne A
Department of Clinical Virology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1990 Oct;9(10):751-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02184688.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates derived from the central nervous system of ten patients with HSV-1-induced encephalitis, one patient with multiple sclerosis, and 14 patients with HSV-2-induced meningitis were investigated for neurovirulence by assaying the LD50 after nose and intracerebral (i.c.) inoculation of mice. HSV-1 encephalitis strains were significantly more virulent after nose inoculation (i.e. neuroinvasive) when compared with HSV-1 isolates from patients with oral lesions only, whereas HSV-2 meningitis strains were significantly more virulent after i.c. inoculation when compared with HSV-2 isolates from patients with genital lesions only. No correlation between high neurovirulence (defined as low LD50 for both routes of infection) and replication in cell cultures of neuronal and non-neuronal cell lines was found, but the weakly neurovirulent HSV-1 strain isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis gave low replication yields. After nose inoculation, a highly neuroinvasive HSV-1 laboratory reference strain replicated to high titers in nose tissue, the trigeminal ganglia and brainstem, while a strain with low neuroinvasiveness but high i.c. virulence replicated less well in the brainstem. Neuroinvasiveness of the virus strain might be one factor of relevance in the pathogenesis of HSV-1 encephalitis in man.
通过对小鼠进行鼻腔接种和脑内接种后测定半数致死剂量（LD50），研究了从10例单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）引起的脑炎患者、1例多发性硬化症患者的中枢神经系统以及14例单纯疱疹病毒2型（HSV-2）引起的脑膜炎患者中分离出的单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）毒株的神经毒力。与仅从口腔病变患者分离出的HSV-1毒株相比，HSV-1脑炎毒株在鼻腔接种后（即神经侵袭性方面）的毒力明显更强；而与仅从生殖器病变患者分离出的HSV-2毒株相比，HSV-2脑膜炎毒株在脑内接种后的毒力明显更强。未发现高神经毒力（定义为两种感染途径的LD50均较低）与在神经元和非神经元细胞系的细胞培养物中的复制之间存在相关性，但从1例多发性硬化症患者分离出的神经毒力较弱的HSV-1毒株的复制产量较低。鼻腔接种后，一种具有高度神经侵袭性的HSV-1实验室参考毒株在鼻组织、三叉神经节和脑干中复制至高滴度，而一种神经侵袭性低但脑内毒力高的毒株在脑干中的复制情况较差。病毒毒株的神经侵袭性可能是人类HSV-1脑炎发病机制中的一个相关因素。
