Battán Horenstein M, Linhares A X
Department of Biodiversity and Ecology, CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), National University of Cordoba, Argentina.
Med Vet Entomol. 2011 Dec;25(4):395-401. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00969.x. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
Insects are the most important components of the terrestrial fauna associated with carrion because they recycle organic matter back into the ecosystem. They can be classified into four ecological categories comprising: necrophages; parasites and predators of necrophagous species; omnivores, and incidentals. To determine the composition and temporal succession of necrophagous and predator beetles on pig carrion, four experiments, one in each season, were carried out during 2004 in a rural area of Cordoba, central Argentina. Two pigs (Sus scrofa L.), weighing approximately 8 kg each, were used in each of the four experiments. The animals were killed by a sharp blow to the head and immediately placed in an appropriate trap. One pig was placed in the shade and the other in direct sunlight. Beetle fauna were collected daily during the first 4 weeks and thereafter every 2 or 3 days. Five stages of decomposition were observed and a total of 1586 adults and 4309 immatures of Coleoptera belonging to the Staphylinidae, Nitidulidae, Cleridae, Dermestidae, Histeridae, Anthicidae and Trogidae families were collected during the four experiments. The necrophagous community was represented by Dermestes maculates (De Geer), nitidulid species and members of the Trox genus. Staphylinidae, Cleridae and Histeridae species were considered to be the main predators of the necrophagous species.
昆虫是与腐肉相关的陆地动物群中最重要的组成部分，因为它们能将有机物循环回生态系统。它们可分为四个生态类别，包括：食腐动物；食腐物种的寄生虫和捕食者；杂食动物和偶然访客。为了确定猪腐肉上食腐甲虫和捕食性甲虫的组成及时间演替，2004年在阿根廷中部科尔多瓦的一个农村地区进行了四个实验，每个季节一个。在四个实验中的每个实验都使用了两头猪（野猪Sus scrofa L.），每头猪重约8千克。通过猛击头部将动物杀死，并立即放置在合适的陷阱中。一头猪放在阴凉处，另一头放在阳光直射下。在最初的4周内每天收集甲虫动物群，此后每2或3天收集一次。观察到了五个分解阶段，在这四个实验中总共收集到了属于隐翅虫科、露尾甲科、郭公虫科、皮蠹科、阎甲科、扁甲科和埋葬甲科的1586只成年鞘翅目昆虫和4309只未成熟鞘翅目昆虫。食腐动物群落以黄斑皮蠹（De Geer）、露尾甲科物种和埋葬甲属成员为代表。隐翅虫科、郭公虫科和阎甲科物种被认为是食腐物种的主要捕食者。
