Human Nutrition and Physiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
Obes Rev. 2011 Nov;12(11):968-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00903.x. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
High adiposity in middle age is associated with higher dementia risk. The association between weight loss and cognitive function in older adults is still controversial. A meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the effectiveness of intentional weight loss on cognitive function in overweight and obese adults. A structured strategy was used to search randomized and non-randomized studies reporting the effect of intentional and significant weight loss on cognitive function in overweight and obese subjects. Information on study design, age, nutritional status, weight-loss strategy, weight lost and cognitive testing was extracted. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to obtain summary effect estimates for memory and attention-executive domains. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria. Seven were randomized trials and the remaining five included a control group. A low-order significant effect was found for an improvement in cognitive performance with weight loss in memory (effect size 0.13, 95% CI 0.00-0.26, P=0.04) and attention/executive functioning (effect size 0.14, 95% CI 0.01-0.27, P<0.001). Studies were heterogeneous in study design, sample selection, weight-loss intervention and assessment of cognitive function. Weight loss appears to be associated with low-order improvements in executive/attention functioning and memory in obese but not in overweight individuals.
中年时期体脂过高与更高的痴呆风险相关。老年人减肥与认知功能之间的关系仍存在争议。进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估超重和肥胖成年人有意图的体重减轻对认知功能的有效性。采用结构化策略搜索报告超重和肥胖人群有意图和显著体重减轻对认知功能影响的随机和非随机研究。提取了关于研究设计、年龄、营养状况、减肥策略、减轻体重和认知测试的信息。进行了随机效应荟萃分析，以获得记忆和注意力执行领域的综合效果估计。有 12 项研究符合纳入标准。其中 7 项为随机试验，其余 5 项包括对照组。发现体重减轻对记忆（效应大小 0.13，95%CI 0.00-0.26，P=0.04）和注意力/执行功能（效应大小 0.14，95%CI 0.01-0.27，P<0.001）的认知表现有低阶显著改善。研究在研究设计、样本选择、减肥干预和认知功能评估方面存在异质性。体重减轻似乎与肥胖个体的执行/注意力功能和记忆的低阶改善相关，但与超重个体无关。
