Teagasc, Food Research Centre Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Sep 1;149(1):88-105. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.06.003. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
It has been shown that the gut microbiota regulates fat storage in the body and that disturbances in its composition can lead to the development of certain metabolic disease states. Bifidobacteria are found among the resident microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and their metabolic activities have been shown to beneficially influence the human host. It has been reported that they inhibit intestinal colonisation by pathogenic microorganisms and have anti-carcinogenic, immunostimulatory, and anti-diarrhoeal properties, as well as aiding in the alleviation of lactose intolerance and ability to lower serum cholesterol levels in humans. One particular health promoting property of bifidobacteria is bioactive fatty acid production, which when ingested, may confer health benefits on the host. A bioactive fatty acid produced by bifidobacteria is conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), of which cis-9, trans-11 (c9, t11) and trans-10, cis-12 (t10, c12) CLA are the main biologically active CLA isomers. The production of CLA by Bifidobacterium can also have a positive effect on the immune system of the human host leading to numerous health benefits. This is an example of the metabolic activities of an ingested bacterium being beneficial to the host, rather than the direct interaction of the bacterium with the host.
已经表明，肠道微生物群调节体内脂肪储存，其组成的紊乱会导致某些代谢疾病状态的发展。双歧杆菌存在于胃肠道（GIT）的常驻微生物群中，其代谢活动已被证明对人类宿主有益。据报道，它们抑制肠道中病原微生物的定植，具有抗癌、免疫刺激和抗腹泻特性，有助于缓解乳糖不耐受和降低人类血清胆固醇水平。双歧杆菌的一个特别促进健康的特性是生物活性脂肪酸的产生，当摄入时，可能会给宿主带来健康益处。双歧杆菌产生的生物活性脂肪酸是共轭亚油酸（CLA），其中顺式-9、反式-11（c9，t11）和反式-10、顺式-12（t10，c12）CLA 是主要的生物活性 CLA 异构体。双歧杆菌产生 CLA 也会对人类宿主的免疫系统产生积极影响，带来许多健康益处。这是摄入细菌的代谢活动对宿主有益的一个例子，而不是细菌与宿主的直接相互作用。
