Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Dev Cell. 2011 Jul 19;21(1):77-91. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.05.015.
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) deliver cargo destined for degradation to the vacuole or lysosome. The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) pathway is a key mediator of MVB biogenesis, but it also plays critical roles in retroviral budding and cytokinetic abscission. Despite these diverse roles, the ESCRT pathway can be simply seen as a cargo-recognition and membrane-sculpting machine viewable from three distinct perspectives: (1) the ESCRT proteins themselves, (2) the cargo they sort, and (3) the membrane they deform. Here, we review ESCRT function from these perspectives and discuss how ESCRTs may drive vesicle budding.
多泡体 (MVBs) 将注定要降解的货物递送到液泡或溶酶体。ESCRT（用于运输的内体分选复合物）途径是 MVB 生物发生的关键介质，但它在逆转录病毒出芽和胞质分裂分离中也起着至关重要的作用。尽管有这些不同的作用，但 ESCRT 途径可以简单地看作是一种从三个不同角度可见的货物识别和膜成型机器：（1）ESCRT 蛋白本身，（2）它们分类的货物，和（3）它们变形的膜。在这里，我们从这些角度回顾 ESCRT 的功能，并讨论 ESCRTs 如何驱动囊泡出芽。
