Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan.
Arch Oral Biol. 2011 Dec;56(12):1610-5. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.06.015. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
In this study, to elucidate the effects of preferred properties of food that affect the daily masticatory habits on the onset of lifestyle-related disease, we investigated whether groups of rats continuously fed with diet having distinct properties show differences in glucose metabolism.
Thirty-six male Wistar rats aged 4 weeks were divided into two groups; only the pellet type feed was given to one (solid diet group), and the powdered feed to the other (powder diet group). The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to measure glucose metabolism. For the determination of statistical significance (p<0.05), blood glucose level and areas under the blood glucose response curve (AUC) were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test.
The AUC values were significantly different between the two diet groups when the animals were 45 and 51 weeks of age. The median blood glucose level in 45-week-old rats fed with the powder diet was significantly higher than those in age-matched rats fed with solid diet 45 and 120 min after glucose load. Similarly, the median blood glucose level in the 51-week-old rats in the powder diet group was significantly higher than those in the solid diet group at 30, 45, 60, and 120 min after glucose load.
We showed that the rats which had been fed with solid diet and therefore had been masticating the feed plentifully enhanced glucose metabolism. This can suggest the possible use of masticatory and dietary intervention, which promotes sufficient mastication of hard food, in the prevention and cure of human lifestyle-related diseases.
在本研究中，为了阐明影响日常咀嚼习惯的食物偏好特性对生活方式相关疾病发生的影响，我们研究了连续给予具有不同特性的饮食的大鼠组在葡萄糖代谢方面是否存在差异。
将 36 只 4 周龄雄性 Wistar 大鼠分为两组；一组仅给予颗粒状饲料（固体饮食组），另一组给予粉状饲料（粉末饮食组）。进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）以测量葡萄糖代谢。为了确定统计学意义（p<0.05），使用曼-惠特尼 U 检验分析血糖水平和血糖反应曲线下面积（AUC）。
当动物分别为 45 和 51 周龄时，两组饮食组的 AUC 值存在显著差异。45 周龄时，给予粉末饮食的大鼠的中位血糖水平在葡萄糖负荷后 45 和 120 分钟时明显高于同龄给予固体饮食的大鼠。同样，51 周龄时，粉末饮食组大鼠的中位血糖水平在葡萄糖负荷后 30、45、60 和 120 分钟时明显高于固体饮食组。
我们表明，给予固体饮食且因此大量咀嚼饲料的大鼠增强了葡萄糖代谢。这提示了咀嚼和饮食干预的可能用途，即促进对硬食的充分咀嚼，可用于预防和治疗人类生活方式相关疾病。
