Medical Oncology Department, Hospital de Mataró, Carretera de la Cirera, Barcelona, Spain.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2012 Jun;38(4):249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common sources of brain metastases, with an incidence that varies widely from 4% to 48% according to different studies. In addition, asymptomatic metastases occur in up to 33% of patients with metastatic RCC, further complicating the decision-making process in this poor prognosis population. The purpose of this review is to cover in depth the present state of knowledge on the diagnosis and management of patients with brain metastases from RCC, in order to assess whether the current standard should be challenged. The existing systems to predict response and survival will be reviewed, as well as the available therapeutic options regarding local treatment and systemic therapy, all within the context of updated data from clinical trials. In this regard, the role of novel targeted agents for the treatment of brain metastases from RCC, such as the multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors sunitinib and sorafenib, will be updated and discussed.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是脑转移的最常见来源之一，根据不同的研究，其发病率差异很大，从 4%到 48%不等。此外，多达 33%的转移性 RCC 患者无症状转移，这使得在这一预后不良的人群中决策更加复杂。本综述的目的是深入探讨目前关于 RCC 脑转移患者的诊断和治疗的知识现状，以评估当前的标准是否应受到挑战。将回顾现有的预测反应和生存的系统，以及关于局部治疗和全身治疗的可用治疗选择，所有这些都将结合临床试验的最新数据。在这方面，将更新和讨论用于治疗 RCC 脑转移的新型靶向药物的作用，如多靶点受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂舒尼替尼和索拉非尼。
