Pedram A, Mahmodlou R, Enshayi A, Sepehrvand N
National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Indian J Cancer. 2011 Apr-Jun;48(2):165-9. doi: 10.4103/0019-509X.82875.
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most frequent and serious cancers worldwide, but its geographic distribution is disparate. Northern Iran is known as one of the hot spots for EC, but there is inadequate evidence available regarding its characteristics in northwestern region of Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to describe some demographic and histopathologic features of EC in this region of Iran.
166 hospital referral patients from a hospital in the northwestern region of Iran who underwent endoscopic biopsy for the chief complaint of dysphagia or odynophagia, and were admitted with the pathologic diagnosis of esophageal cancer during 3 years were enrolled in this study.
The mean age of the patient was 61.8 ± 12.0 years old. Male/female ratio was 0.84. With respect to the site of tumor, tumor was located in cervical esophagus in 7 cases (4.2%), upper thoracic in 5 patients (3%), middle thoracic in 64 patients (38.6%), lowers thoracic in 68 cases (41%), and cardia in 22 cases (13.2%). There was a significant difference among the site of tumor in different age groups (P = 0.021) and different sex groups (P = 0.001). In men, EC usually involves the lower parts, whereas in women it usually involves the upper parts of esophagus. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common type of EC in all age groups, but the prevalence rate of adenocarcinoma seems to increase with age (P = 0.045).
Demographic and histopathologic pattern of esophageal cancer in northwestern region of Iran is different from its histopathologic pattern in western countries in accordance with other reports from Golestan province in north-eastern region of Iran.
食管癌（EC）是全球最常见且最严重的癌症之一，但其地理分布存在差异。伊朗北部是已知的食管癌高发地区之一，但关于伊朗西北部地区食管癌特征的证据不足。因此，本研究旨在描述伊朗该地区食管癌的一些人口统计学和组织病理学特征。
本研究纳入了166例来自伊朗西北部一家医院的转诊患者，这些患者因吞咽困难或吞咽痛为主诉接受了内镜活检，并在3年内被病理诊断为食管癌。
患者的平均年龄为61.8±12.0岁。男女比例为0.84。关于肿瘤部位，7例（4.2%）肿瘤位于颈段食管，5例（3%）位于胸上段，64例（38.6%）位于胸中段，68例（41%）位于胸下段，22例（13.2%）位于贲门。不同年龄组和不同性别组的肿瘤部位存在显著差异（P = 0.021和P = 0.001）。在男性中，食管癌通常累及食管下部，而在女性中通常累及食管上部。鳞状细胞癌是所有年龄组中最常见的食管癌类型，但腺癌的患病率似乎随年龄增加而上升（P = 0.045）。
伊朗西北部地区食管癌的人口统计学和组织病理学模式与西方国家不同，这与伊朗东北部戈尔斯坦省的其他报道一致。
