Smith Emma, Mackenzie Lynette
Vocational Education, Training and Employment (VETE) Service, Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services, Hunter New England Health, Hamilton, New South Wales, Australia.
Aust Occup Ther J. 2011 Aug;58(4):251-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00944.x. Epub 2011 Jun 3.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Australian mental health services are transitioning from inpatient to community settings. The role of occupational therapy within the inpatient context is undergoing change, and uncertainties about the role may exist for other health professionals. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of Australian nurses about the occupational therapy role within inpatient mental health services.
Using a phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were used to gain an understanding of the perceptions of seven nurses working with occupational therapists, within three inpatient services. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically.
Participants had worked as nurses for 4-32 years, and had worked with occupational therapists for 2-10 years. Five themes described the lived experiences of participants when working with occupational therapists: 'Guessing' illustrated how nurses felt they had to guess how to work with an occupational therapist, 'talking in a different language' described difficulties in communication, 'generalised perceptions and stereotypes' referred to beliefs held by participants about occupational therapy, 'anything's better than nothing' indicated the acceptance of the presence of occupational therapy to help with client management even if the role was not fully understood, and 'visibility and availability' explained how the presence of occupational therapy was perceived.
Working with occupational therapists had forced change in the work practices and routines of many participants, especially those with longer nursing careers in mental health. All participants identified the need for increased communication and collaboration between occupational therapists and nurses, clear definitions of the occupational therapy role, and education about how they could better work with occupational therapists.
背景/目的:澳大利亚的心理健康服务正在从住院环境向社区环境转变。职业治疗在住院环境中的作用正在发生变化,其他健康专业人员可能对该作用存在不确定性。本研究旨在探讨澳大利亚护士对职业治疗在住院心理健康服务中的作用的看法。
采用现象学方法,通过半结构化访谈来了解在三个住院服务机构中与职业治疗师合作的七名护士的看法。对访谈记录进行了主题分析。
参与者担任护士的时间为4至32年,与职业治疗师合作的时间为2至10年。五个主题描述了参与者与职业治疗师合作时的生活经历:“猜测”说明了护士觉得他们必须猜测如何与职业治疗师合作,“用不同的语言交流”描述了沟通困难,“普遍看法和刻板印象”指的是参与者对职业治疗的看法,“聊胜于无”表明即使对职业治疗的作用不完全理解,也接受其存在以帮助管理患者,“可见性和可及性”解释了对职业治疗存在的认知情况。
与职业治疗师合作迫使许多参与者改变了工作实践和日常工作,尤其是那些在心理健康领域有较长护理职业生涯的人。所有参与者都认为职业治疗师和护士之间需要加强沟通与协作,明确职业治疗的角色定义,并开展关于如何更好地与职业治疗师合作的教育。