Johnson Jacqueline A, da Costa Ronaldo C, Bhattacharya Sanghita, Goel Vijay, Allen Matthew J
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Vet Surg. 2011 Aug;40(6):720-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2011.00853.x. Epub 2011 Jul 19.
To define the kinematic motion patterns of the canine cervical spine, with a particular emphasis on identifying differences between the cranial (C(2)-C(4)) and caudal (C(5)-C(7)) segments, and to determine the significance of coupled motions (CM) in the canine cervical spine.
Cadaveric biomechanical study.
Cervical spines of 8 Foxhounds.
Spinal specimens were considered free of pathology based on radiographic, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. All musculature was removed without damaging ligaments or joint capsules. Spines were mounted in a customized pure-moment spine testing jig, and data were collected using an optoelectronic motion capture system. Range of motion, neutral zone and CM in flexion/extension, left/right lateral bending and left/right axial rotation were established. Data were analyzed using mixed-effects maximum likelihood regression models.
Total flexion/extension did not change across the 4 levels. There was no difference between flexion and extension, and no CM was identified. Lateral bending was not different across levels, but tended to be greater in the cranial spine. Axial rotation was ∼2.6 times greater in the caudal segments. Lateral bending and axial rotation were coupled.
Kinematics of the cranial and caudal cervical spine differed markedly with greater mobility in the caudal cervical spine.
确定犬颈椎的运动学运动模式，特别强调识别颅段（C2 - C4）和尾段（C5 - C7）之间的差异，并确定犬颈椎耦合运动（CM）的意义。
尸体生物力学研究。
8只猎狐犬的颈椎。
根据X线摄影、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像检查，脊柱标本被认为无病理学改变。所有肌肉组织均被去除，且未损伤韧带或关节囊。将脊柱安装在定制的纯力矩脊柱测试夹具中，并使用光电运动捕捉系统收集数据。确定了屈伸、左右侧屈和左右轴向旋转的运动范围、中性区和耦合运动。使用混合效应最大似然回归模型对数据进行分析。
在4个节段中，总屈伸没有变化。屈伸之间没有差异，也未发现耦合运动。侧屈在各节段之间没有差异，但在颅段脊柱中往往更大。尾段的轴向旋转约为颅段的2.6倍。侧屈和轴向旋转是耦合的。
颅段和尾段颈椎的运动学有显著差异，尾段颈椎的活动度更大。
