Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011 Jun;4(6):442-6. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60122-3.
To evaluate antiplasmodial and analgesic activities of ethanolic leaf extract/fractions of Panicum maximum.
The crude leaf extract (47-190 mg/kg) and fractions (chloroform, ethyl acqeous and methanol; 96 mg/kg) of Panicum maximum were investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infections in mice and for analgesic activity against chemical and heat-induced pains. The antiplasmodial activity during early and established infections as well as prophylactic were investigated. Artesunate at 5 mg/kg and pyrimethamine at 1.2 mg/kg were used as positive controls. Analgesic activity of the crude extract/fractions was also evaluated against acetic acid, formalin and heat-induced pains.
The extract and its fractions dose-dependently reduced parasitaemia induced by chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infection in prophylactic, suppressive and curative models in mice. These reductions were statistically significant (P<0.001). They also improved the mean survival time from 13 to 28 days compared with control (P<0.001). The activities of extract/fractions were incomparable to that of the standard drugs (Artesunate and pyrimethamine). On chemically and thermally-induced pains, the extract inhibited acetic acid and formalin-induced inflammation as well as hot plate-induced pain in mice. These inhibitions were statistically significant (P<0.001) and in a dose-dependent fashion.
Panicum maximum leaf extract has antiplasmodial and analgesic activities which may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant.
评估鲜草叶乙醇提取物/馏分的抗疟和镇痛活性。
研究鲜草叶粗提物（47-190mg/kg）和馏分（氯仿、乙酸乙酯和甲醇；96mg/kg）对氯喹敏感伯氏疟原虫感染小鼠的抗疟活性，以及对化学和热诱导疼痛的镇痛活性。研究了早期和已建立的感染以及预防接种时的抗疟活性。青蒿琥酯 5mg/kg 和乙胺嘧啶 1.2mg/kg 用作阳性对照。还评估了粗提物/馏分对乙酸、甲醛和热诱导疼痛的镇痛活性。
提取物及其馏分在预防、抑制和治疗模型中，剂量依赖性地降低了氯喹敏感伯氏疟原虫感染引起的寄生虫血症。这些降低在统计学上是显著的（P<0.001）。与对照组相比，它们还将平均存活时间从 13 天提高到 28 天（P<0.001）。提取物/馏分的活性与标准药物（青蒿琥酯和乙胺嘧啶）无法相比。在化学和热诱导疼痛方面，提取物抑制了乙酸和甲醛诱导的炎症以及热板诱导的疼痛，这些抑制在统计学上是显著的（P<0.001），并且呈剂量依赖性。
鲜草叶提取物具有抗疟和镇痛活性，这可能部分是通过植物的化学成分介导的。
