Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2010 Feb 3;127(2):373-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.10.028. Epub 2009 Nov 3.
Antiplasmodial and analgesic activities of leaf extract and fractions of Acalypha wilkensiana were evaluated to ascertain the folkloric claim of its antimalarial and analgesic activities.
The crude leaf extract (220-659 mg/kg) and fractions (chloroform and aqueous; 440 mg/kg) of Acalypha wilkensiana were investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infections in mice and for analgesic activity against chemical and heat-induced pains. The antiplasmodial activity during early and established infections as well as prophylactic activity were investigated. Chloroquine (5mg/kg) and pyrimethamine (1.2mg/kg) were used as positive controls. Thin films made from tail blood of each mouse were used to assess the level of parasitaemia of the mice. Analgesic activity of the crude extract was also evaluated against acetic acid, formalin and heat-induced pains.
The extract and its fractions dose-dependently reduced parasitaemia induced by chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infection in prophylactic, suppressive and curative models in mice. These reductions were statistically significant (p<0.001). They also improved the mean survival time (MST) from 16 to 22 days relative to control (p<0.01-0.001). The activities of extract/fractions were incomparable to that of the standard drugs used (chloroquine and pyrimethamine). On chemically and thermally induced pains, the extract inhibited acetic acid and formalin-induced inflammation as well as hot plate-induced pain in mice. These inhibitions were statistically significant (p<0.001) and in a dose-dependent fashion.
The antiparasitaemic and analgesic effects may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant.
评估 Acalypha wilkensiana 叶提取物及其馏分的抗疟和镇痛活性，以确定其抗疟和镇痛的民间传说。
研究了 Acalypha wilkensiana 的粗叶提取物（220-659mg/kg）和馏分（氯仿和水；440mg/kg）对氯喹敏感 Plasmodium berghei 感染的抗疟活性以及对化学和热诱导疼痛的镇痛活性。研究了早期和已建立的感染以及预防活性的抗疟活性。氯喹（5mg/kg）和乙胺嘧啶（1.2mg/kg）用作阳性对照。从每只老鼠的尾血制成的薄膜用于评估老鼠的疟原虫血症水平。还评估了粗提取物对乙酸、甲醛和热诱导疼痛的镇痛活性。
提取物及其馏分以剂量依赖性方式减少了预防性、抑制性和治疗性模型中氯喹敏感 Plasmodium berghei 感染引起的寄生虫血症。这些减少具有统计学意义（p<0.001）。与对照相比，它们还将平均存活时间（MST）从 16 天提高到 22 天（p<0.01-0.001）。提取物/馏分的活性与所用标准药物（氯喹和乙胺嘧啶）无法相比。在化学和热诱导疼痛中，提取物抑制了乙酸和甲醛诱导的炎症以及热板诱导的疼痛，这些抑制具有统计学意义（p<0.001），呈剂量依赖性。
抗寄生虫和镇痛作用可能部分通过植物的化学成分介导。
