Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
J Neural Eng. 2011 Aug;8(4):045001. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/045001. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
In this paper numerous alternative treatments in addition to pharmacological therapy are proposed for their use in epileptic patients. Epileptic animal models can play a crucial role in the performance evaluation of new therapeutic techniques. The objective of this research is to first develop various epileptic rat models; second, develop a portable wireless closed-loop seizure controller including on-line seizure detection and real-time electrical stimulation for seizure elimination; and third, apply the developed seizure controller to the animal models to perform on-line seizure elimination. The closed-loop seizure controller was applied to three Long-Evans rats with spontaneous spike-wave discharges (non-convulsive) and three Long-Evans rats with epileptiform activities induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injection (convulsive) for evaluation. The seizure detection accuracy is greater than 92% (up to 99%), and averaged seizure detection latency is less than 0.6 s for both spontaneous non-convulsive and PTZ-induced convulsive seizures. The average false stimulation rate is 3.1%. Near 30% of PTZ-induced convulsive seizures need more than two times of 0.5 s electrical stimulation for suppression and 90% of the non-convulsive seizures can be suppressed by only one 0.5 s electrical stimulation.
本文提出了许多除药物治疗以外的替代疗法，以供癫痫患者使用。癫痫动物模型可以在新治疗技术的性能评估中发挥关键作用。本研究的目的是：首先，开发各种癫痫大鼠模型；其次，开发一种便携式无线闭环癫痫发作控制器，包括在线癫痫发作检测和实时电刺激以消除癫痫发作；最后，将开发的癫痫发作控制器应用于动物模型以进行在线癫痫发作消除。闭环癫痫发作控制器应用于 3 只具有自发性棘波放电（非惊厥性）的长爪沙鼠和 3 只因戊四氮（PTZ）注射而产生癫痫样活动的长爪沙鼠（惊厥性）进行评估。癫痫发作检测的准确率大于 92%（高达 99%），自发性非惊厥性和 PTZ 诱导的惊厥性癫痫发作的平均癫痫发作检测潜伏期均小于 0.6 秒。假刺激的平均发生率为 3.1%。近 30%的 PTZ 诱导的惊厥性癫痫发作需要两次以上 0.5 秒的电刺激才能抑制，而 90%的非惊厥性癫痫发作只需一次 0.5 秒的电刺激即可抑制。
