Warzok R, Cervós-Navarro J
Institut für Pathologische Anatomie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, DDR.
Zentralbl Allg Pathol. 1990;136(6):493-502.
Peripheral neuropathies are among the most common neurological diseases. Various tissues are available for morphological investigation, depending on the purpose of diagnosis. The sural nerve is most frequently used for nerve biopsy. The nomenclature of neuropathies is described together with prerequisites and techniques for nerve biopsy. Morphologically, a distinction can be made between parenchymatous and interstitial lesions. An account is given of the most important morphological patterns, such as axonal and neuronal degeneration and regeneration, including Waller's degeneration, segmental demyelinisation and remyelinisation as well as hypertrophic alterations. Brief reference is made to conjunctival, dermal, and rectal biopsies.
周围神经病变是最常见的神经系统疾病之一。根据诊断目的，有多种组织可用于形态学研究。腓肠神经最常用于神经活检。本文描述了神经病变的命名法以及神经活检的前提条件和技术。在形态学上，可区分实质病变和间质病变。文中介绍了最重要的形态学模式，如轴突和神经元的变性与再生，包括华勒变性、节段性脱髓鞘和再髓鞘化以及肥大性改变。还简要提及了结膜、皮肤和直肠活检。
