Department of Psychology, George Mason University, MS 3f5, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA,
AIDS Behav. 2013 Oct;17(8):2685-94. doi: 10.1007/s10461-011-9990-2.
Individuals cycling in and out of the criminal justice system are at high risk for contracting HIV/AIDS. Most infections are contracted in the community, not during incarceration, but little is known about the profile of risk behaviors responsible for this elevated infection rate. This study investigated pre-incarceration and post-release HIV risk behaviors in a longitudinal study of 542 male and female inmates in a Northern Virginia jail. Although there was a significant decrease in risky behavior from pre-incarceration to post-incarceration, participants reported high levels of unprotected sexual activity and risky IV drug behaviors at both time points, emphasizing the need for prevention programming among this at-risk population. Gender differences in participants' pre-incarceration and post-release HIV risk behaviors suggest the need for gender-specific interventions to reduce overall HIV risk. Identifying specific HIV risk behaviors of jail inmates is vital to improve treatment and intervention efforts inside and outside of correctional settings.
在刑事司法系统中进出的个人感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的风险很高。大多数感染是在社区中发生的，而不是在监禁期间，但对于导致这种高感染率的风险行为特征知之甚少。这项研究在弗吉尼亚州北部一所监狱对 542 名男性和女性囚犯进行了一项纵向研究，调查了他们在入狱前和出狱后的艾滋病毒风险行为。尽管从入狱前到入狱后，危险行为显著减少，但参与者报告说，在这两个时间点，他们都有很高水平的无保护性行为和危险的静脉注射毒品行为，这强调了需要针对这一高危人群开展预防规划。参与者入狱前和出狱后艾滋病毒风险行为的性别差异表明，需要针对性别开展干预措施，以降低整体艾滋病毒风险。确定监狱囚犯的具体艾滋病毒风险行为对于改善监狱内外的治疗和干预工作至关重要。
