Bauserman Robert L, Richardson Damaris, Ward Michael, Shea Madeleine, Bowlin Claudia, Tomoyasu Naomi, Solomon Liza
AIDS Administration, 500 N. Calvert St., Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2003 Oct;15(5):465-80. doi: 10.1521/aeap.15.6.465.24038.
Prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS cases is higher among inmates of correctional facilities than among the general population, especially for female inmates. This creates a strong need for effective HIV prevention with this population. Maryland's Prevention Case Management (PCM) program provides individual or group counseling to inmates nearing release to promote changes in risk behavior. Pretest and posttest surveys assess changes in perceived risk, condom attitudes, condom use self-efficacy, self-efficacy to reduce injection drug risk and other substance use risk, and behavioral intentions during participation in the program. Client contact logs, kept by counselors, document the number and duration of sessions, and the specific modules, completed by participants. Over a 4-year period, PCM records identified 2,610 participants in the program. Pre-intervention and postintervention data were available for 745 participants, with client contact log records available for 529 (71%) of these individuals. Significant, positive changes were found in self-reported condom attitudes, self-efficacy for condom use, self-efficacy for injection drug use risk, self-efficacy for other substance use risk, and intentions to practice safer sex post-release. Inmate populations are a crucial audience for HIV/AIDS testing, treatment, and prevention efforts. The Maryland PCM program has documented positive changes in participants' attitudes, self-efficacy, and intentions related to HIV risk, over a 4-year period.
惩教机构囚犯中的艾滋病毒感染率和艾滋病病例数高于普通人群，女性囚犯尤其如此。因此，针对这一人群开展有效的艾滋病毒预防工作迫在眉睫。马里兰州的预防病例管理（PCM）项目为即将获释的囚犯提供个人或团体咨询，以促进其风险行为的改变。预测试和后测试调查评估了在参与该项目期间，参与者在感知风险、对避孕套的态度、使用避孕套的自我效能感、降低注射毒品风险和其他物质使用风险的自我效能感以及行为意图方面的变化。咨询师保存的客户联系记录记录了课程的数量和时长，以及参与者完成的具体模块。在4年时间里，PCM记录识别出该项目的2610名参与者。745名参与者有干预前和干预后的数据，其中529名（71%）有客户联系记录。在自我报告的对避孕套的态度、使用避孕套的自我效能感、注射毒品使用风险的自我效能感、其他物质使用风险的自我效能感以及释放后进行更安全性行为的意图方面，发现了显著的积极变化。囚犯群体是艾滋病毒/艾滋病检测、治疗和预防工作的关键受众。马里兰州的PCM项目记录了参与者在4年时间里与艾滋病毒风险相关的态度、自我效能感和意图方面的积极变化。
