Zhang Yan, Cui Xiao-yong, Luo Wei, Shi Peng, Lü Yong-long
College of Resources and Environment, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2011 May;32(5):1482-8.
In recent years, Cu and Zn have been widely used in pig fodders in large-scale animal feeding, causing Cu and Zn contamination in soils and effecting plants in land application of pig manure. It is of great concern to the world that pig manure is used in the dose greater than the organic fertilizer criterion. It is very important to clarify bioconcentration and translocation of Cu and Zn in vegetables in order to assess human health risk of these heavy metals accumulated in soil and to safely produce vegetables. Bioconcentration and translocation of Cu and Zn by Brassica sinensis L. planted in pig manure-applied soils were studied using pot experiments. Pig manure with great concentrations of Cu and Zn (Cu = 1114.7 mg x kg(-1), Zn = 1496.8 mg x kg(-1)) were applied to soils at six rates, i.e., 0, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 500 t x hm(-2). The results indicate that the concentration of Zn was greater than that of Cu in both aboveground and underground parts of B. sinensis. Both Cu and Zn concentrations in the underground part were greater than those in upper-ground for every treatment. There were significant differences for both Cu and Zn concentrations in shoots between CK and the treatment with application rate above 50 t x hm(-2). Bioconcentration factor of Cu in B. sinensis increased with pig manure application rate from 0.11 to 0.17, while that of Zn decreased from 0.47 to 0.11. The proportion of Cu and Zn transported from roots to shoots decreased 25% and 38% with the increase of pig manure application, respectively. It indicates that pig manure application can reduce bioconcentration of Zn in B. sinensis, and build up Cu accumulation which leads to human health risk. The ratio of Zn:Cu in every part of B. sinensis decreased with manure application rate increment. This result prompted that uptake and translocation capacity discrepancy of Cu and Zn decreased with manure application rate increment in B. sinensis.
近年来，铜和锌在大规模动物饲养的猪饲料中被广泛使用，导致土壤中铜和锌污染，并在猪粪土地施用时影响植物生长。猪粪施用量超过有机肥标准的情况引起了全世界的高度关注。为了评估土壤中积累的这些重金属对人类健康的风险以及安全生产蔬菜，阐明铜和锌在蔬菜中的生物富集和转运情况非常重要。通过盆栽试验研究了种植在施用猪粪土壤中的小白菜对铜和锌的生物富集和转运情况。将高浓度铜和锌（铜 = 1114.7毫克·千克⁻¹，锌 = 1496.8毫克·千克⁻¹）的猪粪以六种施用量施用于土壤，即0、25、50、100、200和500吨·公顷⁻²。结果表明，小白菜地上部和地下部的锌浓度均高于铜浓度。各处理地下部铜和锌浓度均高于地上部。对照与施用量高于50吨·公顷⁻²处理的小白菜地上部铜和锌浓度均存在显著差异。小白菜中铜的生物富集系数随猪粪施用量从0.11增加到0.17，而锌的生物富集系数从0.47降至0.11。随着猪粪施用量的增加，从根部转运到地上部的铜和锌比例分别下降了25%和38%。这表明施用猪粪会降低小白菜对锌的生物富集，并增加铜的积累，从而导致人类健康风险。随着猪粪施用量的增加，小白菜各部位锌:铜的比值降低。这一结果表明，小白菜对铜和锌的吸收和转运能力差异随猪粪施用量的增加而降低。
