Mehra Smriti, Golden Nadia A, Dutta Noton K, Midkiff Cecily C, Alvarez X, Doyle Lara A, Asher Majdouline, Russell-Lodrigue Kasi, Monjure Chris, Roy Chad J, Blanchard James L, Didier Peter J, Veazey Ronald S, Lackner Andrew A, Kaushal Deepak
Divisions of Bacteriology & Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA.
J Med Primatol. 2011 Aug;40(4):233-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2011.00485.x.
Tuberculosis (TB) and AIDS together present a devastating public health challenge. Over 3 million deaths every year are attributed to these twin epidemics. Annually, ∼11 million people are coinfected with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). AIDS is thought to alter the spontaneous rate of latent TB reactivation.
Macaques are excellent models of both TB and AIDS. Therefore, it is conceivable that they can also be used to model coinfection. Using clinical, pathological, and microbiological data, we addressed whether latent TB infection in rhesus macaques can be reactivated by infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV).
A low-dose aerosol infection of rhesus macaques with Mtb caused latent, asymptomatic TB infection. Infection of macaques exhibiting latent TB with a rhesus-specific strain of SIV significantly reactivated TB.
Rhesus macaques are excellent model of TB/AIDS coinfection and can be used to study the phenomena of TB latency and reactivation.
结核病（TB）和艾滋病共同构成了严峻的公共卫生挑战。每年有超过300万人死于这两种流行病。每年约有1100万人同时感染艾滋病毒和结核分枝杆菌（Mtb）。艾滋病被认为会改变潜伏性结核病再激活的自然发生率。
猕猴是结核病和艾滋病的优秀模型。因此，可以想象它们也可用于模拟合并感染。利用临床、病理和微生物学数据，我们探讨了恒河猴的潜伏性结核感染是否会因感染猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）而被激活。
用Mtb对恒河猴进行低剂量气溶胶感染导致潜伏性、无症状的结核感染。用恒河猴特异性SIV毒株感染表现出潜伏性结核的猕猴可显著激活结核病。
恒河猴是结核病/艾滋病合并感染的优秀模型，可用于研究结核病潜伏和再激活现象。
