Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Allergy. 2011 Oct;66(10):1287-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02676.x. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
Asthma and rhinitis are common co-morbidities everywhere in the world but nation-wide studies assessing rhinitis in asthmatics using questionnaires based on guidelines are not available.
To assess the prevalence, classification, and severity of rhinitis using the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) criteria in Japanese patients with diagnosed and treated asthma.
The study was performed from March to August 2009. Patients in physicians' waiting rooms, or physicians themselves, filled out questionnaires on rhinitis and asthma based on ARIA and Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) diagnostic guides. The patients answered questions on the severity of the diseases and a Visual Analog Scale. Their physicians made the diagnosis of rhinitis.
In this study, 1910 physicians enrolled 29,518 asthmatics; 15,051 (51.0%) questionnaires were administered by physician, and 26,680 (90.4%) patients were evaluable. Self- and physician-administered questionnaires gave similar results. Rhinitis was diagnosed in 68.5% of patients with self-administered questionnaires and 66.2% with physician-administered questionnaires. In this study, 994 (7.6%) patients with self-administered and 561 (5.2%) patients with physician-administered questionnaires indicated rhinitis symptoms on the questionnaires without a physician's diagnosis of rhinitis. Most patients with the physician's diagnosis of rhinitis had moderate/severe rhinitis. Asthma control was significantly impaired in patients with a physician's diagnosis of rhinitis for all GINA clinical criteria except exacerbations. There were significantly more patients with uncontrolled asthma as defined by GINA in those with a physician's diagnosis of rhinitis (25.4% and 29.7%) by comparison with those without rhinitis (18.0% and 22.8%).
Rhinitis is common in asthma and impairs asthma control.
哮喘和鼻炎在世界各地都是常见的共病，但目前还没有使用基于指南的问卷评估哮喘患者鼻炎的全国性研究。
使用变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响（ARIA）标准评估日本已确诊和治疗的哮喘患者的鼻炎患病率、分类和严重程度。
该研究于 2009 年 3 月至 8 月进行。医生候诊室的患者或医生本人根据 ARIA 和全球哮喘倡议（GINA）诊断指南填写了关于鼻炎和哮喘的问卷。患者回答了关于疾病严重程度和视觉模拟量表的问题。他们的医生做出了鼻炎的诊断。
在这项研究中，1910 名医生招募了 29518 名哮喘患者；15051 份（51.0%）问卷由医生发放，26680 份（90.4%）患者可评估。自我和医生发放的问卷结果相似。自我发放问卷诊断出鼻炎的患者占 68.5%，医生发放问卷诊断出鼻炎的患者占 66.2%。在这项研究中，994 名（7.6%）自我发放问卷和 561 名（5.2%）医生发放问卷的患者在问卷上表示有鼻炎症状，但医生没有诊断为鼻炎。大多数有医生诊断的鼻炎患者有中/重度鼻炎。除了加重外，对于所有 GINA 临床标准，有医生诊断的鼻炎患者的哮喘控制都显著受损。与无鼻炎的患者相比，有医生诊断的鼻炎患者中未控制的哮喘患者明显更多（GINA 定义为 25.4%和 29.7%，而无鼻炎的患者为 18.0%和 22.8%）。
鼻炎在哮喘中很常见，会损害哮喘控制。
