Le-Petross Huong, Lane Deanna
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2011 Aug;32(4):342-50. doi: 10.1053/j.sult.2011.03.004.
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by differences in the biological, clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of the different types of invasive carcinoma in the breast. The majority of invasive breast carcinomas are the invasive ductal or no special-type (NST) carcinomas. The rest of the invasive carcinomas are either nonductal carcinoma subtypes or special-type carcinomas, making up 20%-30% of all invasive carcinomas. The latter group comprises very different and distinctive types of cancer with imaging characteristics and challenges that are unique to each subtype. The invasive lobular carcinoma is the most common type of the nonductal carcinomas and can be difficult to detect on imaging because of the distinct pattern of tumor growth in sheets of single file cells with minimal desmoplastic reaction. The mucinous carcinoma of the breast contains extracellular mucin, secreted by the tumor cells. The mucin within these tumors result in imaging features that overlap with benign breast lesions, and may lead to misdiagnosis. Other rare and aggressive breast cancers include metaplastic breast carcinoma and inflammatory breast carcinoma. Both diseases have a poorer prognosis than invasive ductal carcinoma. This article will focus on the rarer non-NST carcinoma of the breast that can be a challenge to assess with imaging, partially related to the unique biology of these cancers.
乳腺癌是一组异质性疾病，由乳腺不同类型浸润性癌的生物学、临床、放射学和病理学特征差异引起。大多数浸润性乳腺癌是浸润性导管癌或非特殊类型（NST）癌。其余浸润性癌要么是非导管癌亚型，要么是特殊类型癌，占所有浸润性癌的20%-30%。后一组包括非常不同且独特的癌症类型，每种亚型都有独特的影像学特征和挑战。浸润性小叶癌是最常见的非导管癌类型，由于肿瘤以单行排列的细胞片生长且促纤维增生反应最小，在影像学上可能难以检测到。乳腺黏液癌含有肿瘤细胞分泌的细胞外黏液。这些肿瘤内的黏液导致影像学特征与良性乳腺病变重叠，可能导致误诊。其他罕见且侵袭性强的乳腺癌包括化生性乳腺癌和炎性乳腺癌。这两种疾病的预后都比浸润性导管癌差。本文将重点关注乳腺罕见的非NST癌，这类癌在影像学评估上可能具有挑战性，部分原因与这些癌症独特的生物学特性有关。
