Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, USA.
J Adolesc. 2012 Feb;35(1):11-20. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.06.009. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
This study investigated whether major depression in adolescence is characterized by neurocognitive deficits in attention, affective decision making, and cognitive control of emotion processing. Neuropsychological tests including the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs, the Attention Network Test, the Iowa Gambling Task, the Emotional Go-NoGo Task, and the Face Go-NoGo Task were administered to adolescents with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (n = 31) and psychiatric diagnosis free controls (n = 30). Findings indicated that compared with controls, depressed adolescents exhibited impaired sustained attention; a gender by group interaction on affective decision making such that depressed males tended to make less advantageous choices on the IGT; and an inverse pattern of correlations between depressive symptom counts and reaction time to affective stimuli, characterizing greater affective reactivity in depressed adolescents. Findings demonstrate that adolescents with MDD display selective neurocognitive impairments on tasks capturing 'cool' and 'hot' executive functioning.
本研究旨在探究青少年重度抑郁症是否存在注意、情感决策和情绪加工认知控制方面的神经认知缺陷。神经心理学测试包括韦氏智力量表简式、连续操作测试-相同配对、注意网络测试、爱荷华赌博任务、情绪 Go-NoGo 任务和面部 Go-NoGo 任务，用于对患有重度抑郁症（MDD）的青少年（n=31）和无精神科诊断的对照组（n=30）进行测试。结果表明，与对照组相比，抑郁青少年的持续注意力受损；在情感决策方面存在性别与组别交互作用，即抑郁男性在 IGT 上倾向于做出不太有利的选择；以及抑郁症状计数与对情感刺激的反应时间之间呈负相关模式，这表明抑郁青少年的情感反应更强烈。研究结果表明，患有 MDD 的青少年在评估“冷静”和“热情”执行功能的任务中表现出选择性的神经认知缺陷。
