Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Acad Pediatr. 2011 Sep-Oct;11(5):375-86. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2011.05.001. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
This paper provides a primer for qualitative research in medical education. Our aim is to equip readers with a basic understanding of qualitative research and prepare them to judge the goodness of fit between qualitative research and their own research questions. We provide an overview of the reasons for choosing a qualitative research approach and potential benefits of using these methods for systematic investigation. We discuss developing qualitative research questions, grounding research in a philosophical framework, and applying rigorous methods of data collection, sampling, and analysis. We also address methods to establish the trustworthiness of a qualitative study and introduce the reader to ethical concerns that warrant special attention when planning qualitative research. We conclude with a worksheet that readers may use for designing a qualitative study. Medical educators ask many questions that carefully designed qualitative research would address effectively. Careful attention to the design of qualitative studies will help to ensure credible answers that will illuminate many of the issues, challenges, and quandaries that arise while doing the work of medical education.
本文为医学教育中的定性研究提供了入门知识。我们的目的是让读者对定性研究有基本的了解，并能够判断定性研究与他们自己的研究问题是否契合。我们概述了选择定性研究方法的原因，以及使用这些方法进行系统研究的潜在好处。我们讨论了如何提出定性研究问题，如何将研究扎根于哲学框架，并应用严格的数据收集、抽样和分析方法。我们还介绍了如何确保定性研究的可信度，并向读者介绍了在规划定性研究时需要特别关注的伦理问题。最后，我们提供了一份工作表，读者可以用它来设计定性研究。医学教育工作者提出了许多问题，而精心设计的定性研究可以有效地解决这些问题。仔细设计定性研究将有助于确保获得可靠的答案，这些答案将阐明在从事医学教育工作时出现的许多问题、挑战和困境。
