Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defense Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Nov;20(3):456-64. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2005.05.005. Epub 2005 Jul 15.
Moringa oleifera Lamarack (English: Horseradish-tree, Drumstick-tree; Hindi: Saijan; Sanskrit: Shigru) belongs to the Moringaceae family, is generally known in the developing world as a vegetable, a medicinal plant and a source of vegetable oil. Besides, the plant is reported to have various biological activities, including hypocholesterolemic agent, regulation of thyroid hormone status, anti-diabetic agent, gastric ulcers, anti-tumor agent and hypotensive agent, used for treating various diseases such as inflammation, cardiovascular and liver diseases. Therapeutic efficacy of oral administration of seed powder of M. oleifera (500mg/kg, orally, once daily) post arsenic exposure (100ppm in drinking water for 4 months) was investigated in rats. Animals exposed to arsenic(III) showed a significant inhibition of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) level and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in blood. On the other hand, a significant decrease in hepatic ALAD, and an increase in δ-aminolevulinic acid synthetase (ALAS) activity was noted after arsenic exposure. These changes were accompanied by an increase in thiobarbiturc acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in liver and kidney. Activities of liver, kidney and brain superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase also showed a decrease on arsenic exposure. Administration of M. oleifera seed powder post arsenic exposure, exhibited significant recovery in blood ALAD activity while, it restored blood GSH and ROS levels. Most of the other blood biochemical variables remained unchanged on M. oleifera supplementation. A significant protection in the altered ALAD and ALAS activities of liver and TBARS level in liver and kidney was however, observed after M. oleifera administration. Interestingly, there was a marginal but significant depletion of arsenic from blood, liver and kidneys. The results, thus lead us to conclude that post arsenic exposure administration with the seed powder of M. oleifera has significant role in protecting animals from arsenic-induced oxidative stress and in the depletion of arsenic concentration. Further studies thus can be recommended for determining the effect of co-administrating seed powder of M. oleifera during chelation therapy with a thiol chelator.
辣木（英文： Horseradish-tree， Drumstick-tree；印地语： Saijan；梵语： Shigru）属于辣木科，在发展中国家通常被称为蔬菜、药用植物和植物油来源。此外，该植物据报道具有各种生物活性，包括降胆固醇剂、调节甲状腺激素状态、抗糖尿病剂、胃溃疡、抗肿瘤剂和降血压剂，用于治疗各种疾病，如炎症、心血管和肝脏疾病。在大鼠中研究了暴露于砷（饮用水中 100ppm 暴露 4 个月）后口服辣木种子粉（500mg/kg，口服，每日一次）对砷的治疗功效。暴露于砷（III）的动物表现出 δ-氨基酮戊酸脱水酶（ALAD）活性显著抑制、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平降低和血液中活性氧（ROS）增加。另一方面，暴露于砷后，肝脏中的 ALAD 显著减少，δ-氨基酮戊酸合酶（ALAS）活性增加。这些变化伴随着肝脏和肾脏中硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）水平的增加。肝脏、肾脏和大脑超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶的活性也在暴露于砷后下降。暴露于砷后给予辣木种子粉，血液 ALAD 活性显著恢复，同时血液 GSH 和 ROS 水平恢复。在辣木补充剂的情况下，大多数其他血液生化变量保持不变。然而，在肝脏和肾脏中观察到 ALAD 和 ALAS 活性以及 TBARS 水平的改变得到了显著保护。有趣的是，血液、肝脏和肾脏中的砷含量略有但显著减少。因此，结果使我们得出结论，暴露于砷后给予辣木种子粉在保护动物免受砷诱导的氧化应激和减少砷浓度方面具有重要作用。因此，可以推荐进一步研究在与硫醇螯合剂联合使用时同时给予辣木种子粉对螯合疗法的影响。
