Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama Tlalpan C.P. 14269, D.F., Mexico.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2007 May;23(3):350-8. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2006.11.009. Epub 2006 Nov 28.
The Cd has been recognized as one of the most toxic environmental and industrial pollutants due to its ability to induce disturbances in several organs and tissues following either acute or chronic exposure. This review accounts for the recent evidence on its mechanisms to induce neurotoxicity, the role of the blood-brain barrier, oxidative stress, interference with calcium, and zinc-dependent processes and apoptosis induction as well as the modulatory effect of metallothionein. Discussion about cadmium neurotoxicity is centered on mechanisms of induction of cellular disfunctions. Future investigations must address those neuronal mechanisms in detail in order to understand cadmium-induced neurotoxicity.
镉由于其在急性或慢性暴露后能够诱导多个器官和组织紊乱而被认为是最具毒性的环境和工业污染物之一。本文综述了其诱导神经毒性的机制、血脑屏障的作用、氧化应激、干扰钙和锌依赖过程以及细胞凋亡诱导的最新证据，以及金属硫蛋白的调节作用。关于镉神经毒性的讨论集中在诱导细胞功能障碍的机制上。未来的研究必须详细研究这些神经元机制，以了解镉诱导的神经毒性。
