National Poison Centre, Universiti National Poison Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Jul;28(1):92-6. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.03.003. Epub 2009 Mar 17.
The objective of this study was to correlate, differentiate and validate the self-reported smoking status of educated young adults with urinary biomarkers (i.e. nicotine and cotinine). Freshmen students were recruited on voluntary basis. They filled-up self-administered questionnaire and their urine samples were collected for analysis. The urinary nicotine (UN) and cotinine (UC) were measured by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. Smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers were found to be both significantly correlated and different in their UN and UC levels. UC level of 25ng/ml was the optimal cut-off to differentiate smokers from non-smokers. Using this cut-off value, the prevalence of smoking among the students was found to be higher (15.4%) than the self-reported data (14.3%). UC is useful in validating individual recent smoking history and the cut-off could serve as a marker for assessing the clinical impact of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on human health.
本研究旨在通过尿液生物标志物（即尼古丁和可替宁）来关联、区分和验证受过教育的年轻成年人的自我报告吸烟状况。我们招募了新生，他们自愿填写了自填式问卷，并采集了尿液样本进行分析。尿液中的尼古丁（UN）和可替宁（UC）采用气相色谱-质谱法进行测量。结果发现，吸烟者、非吸烟者和戒烟者的 UN 和 UC 水平既存在显著相关性，又存在差异。UC 水平为 25ng/ml 可作为区分吸烟者和非吸烟者的最佳截断值。使用该截断值，发现学生中的吸烟率（15.4%）高于自我报告数据（14.3%）。UC 可用于验证个体近期的吸烟史，而该截断值可作为评估吸烟和环境烟草烟雾（ETS）暴露对人类健康的临床影响的标志物。
