Andrew M, Paes B, Johnston M
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Chedoke-McMaster, McMaster University Medical Center, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1990 Spring;12(1):95-104. doi: 10.1097/00043426-199021000-00019.
Our understanding of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems (the hemostatic system) in the adult has progressed rapidly in recent years. However, a more complete understanding of the physiology of the hemostatic system in the neonate has lagged behind that of the adult for many reasons. First, the hemostatic system in the newborn exists in a dynamic state and is rapidly evolving toward the adult system. This situation necessitates the generation of not one, but several, reference ranges (or ranges of normal values) in the postnatal period for the various tests and components of the hemostatic system. Also, microtechniques must be used to perform the required assays, both because of the small size of blood samples available and because of the difficulty of obtaining blood from infants. Recently, many of these problems have been resolved, which resulted in a better appreciation of the development of the hemostatic system in the infant. This article reviews our current understanding of the protein components of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems in the neonate. Reference ranges for normal values of the various tests and components of the hemostatic system have been provided for the premature and full-term infant at birth and during the first 6 months of life.
近年来，我们对成人凝血和纤维蛋白溶解系统（止血系统）的认识有了迅速进展。然而，由于多种原因，对新生儿止血系统生理学的更全面理解仍落后于成人。首先，新生儿的止血系统处于动态状态，并正迅速向成人系统演变。这种情况使得在出生后阶段，针对止血系统的各种检测和成分，需要生成不止一个，而是几个参考范围（或正常值范围）。此外，由于可用血样量少以及从婴儿获取血液困难，必须使用微量技术来进行所需检测。最近，其中许多问题已得到解决，从而使我们能更好地了解婴儿止血系统的发育情况。本文综述了我们目前对新生儿凝血和纤维蛋白溶解系统蛋白质成分的认识。已给出了早产和足月婴儿出生时及出生后前6个月止血系统各种检测和成分的正常值参考范围。
