Cardiovascular Medicine Research Group, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Sci China Life Sci. 2011 Aug;54(8):691-8. doi: 10.1007/s11427-011-4199-1. Epub 2011 Jul 24.
The plasma membrane calcium ATPases (PMCA) are a family of genes which extrude Ca(2+) from the cell and are involved in the maintenance of intracellular free calcium levels and/or with Ca(2+) signalling, depending on the cell type. In the cardiovascular system, Ca(2+) is not only essential for contraction and relaxation but also has a vital role as a second messenger in signal transduction pathways. A complex array of mechanisms regulate intracellular free calcium levels in the heart and vasculature and a failure in these systems to maintain normal Ca(2+) homeostasis has been linked to both heart failure and hypertension. This article focuses on the functions of PMCA, in particular isoform 4 (PMCA4), in the heart and vasculature and the reported links between PMCAs and contractile function, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac rhythm and sudden cardiac death, and blood pressure control and hypertension. It is becoming clear that this family of calcium extrusion pumps have essential roles in both cardiovascular health and disease.
血浆膜钙 ATP 酶（PMCA）是一个基因家族，它们将 Ca（2+）从细胞中排出，参与维持细胞内游离钙水平和/或 Ca（2+）信号转导，具体取决于细胞类型。在心血管系统中，Ca（2+）不仅对收缩和松弛至关重要，而且在信号转导途径中作为第二信使也具有重要作用。一系列复杂的机制调节心脏和血管中的细胞内游离钙水平，这些系统在维持正常 Ca（2+）稳态方面的失败与心力衰竭和高血压都有关联。本文重点介绍 PMCA，特别是 PMCA4 异构体在心脏和血管中的功能，以及 PMCAs 与收缩功能、心肌肥厚、心律失常和心源性猝死以及血压控制和高血压之间的报道联系。越来越明显的是，这个钙外排泵家族在心血管健康和疾病中都具有重要作用。
