Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Sci China Life Sci. 2011 Aug;54(8):780-5. doi: 10.1007/s11427-011-4206-6. Epub 2011 Jul 24.
The past five years have witnessed the discovery of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium (Ca(2+)) sensor STIM1 and the plasma membrane Ca(2+) channel Orai1 as the bona fide molecular components of the store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) current (I (CRAC)). It has been known for two decades that SOCE and I (CRAC) are required for lymphocyte activation as evidenced by severe immunodeficient phenotypes in patients lacking I (CRAC). In recent years however, studies have uncovered expression of STIM1 and Orai1 proteins in various tissues and described additional roles for these proteins in physiological functions and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we will summarize novel findings pertaining to the role of STIM1 and Orai1 in the vascular system and discuss their potential use as targets in the therapy of vascular disease.
在过去的五年中，内质网钙（Ca(2+))传感器 STIM1 和质膜 Ca(2+)通道 Orai1 被发现是钙库操纵性钙（SOCE）和钙释放激活的钙电流（I (CRAC)）的真正分子组成部分。二十年来，人们已经知道 SOCE 和 I (CRAC) 是淋巴细胞激活所必需的，这一点在缺乏 I (CRAC) 的患者中表现出严重的免疫缺陷表型。然而，近年来的研究揭示了 STIM1 和 Orai1 蛋白在各种组织中的表达，并描述了这些蛋白在生理功能和病理生理条件下的其他作用。在这里，我们将总结 STIM1 和 Orai1 在血管系统中的作用的新发现，并讨论它们作为血管疾病治疗靶点的潜在用途。
