Centre for the Neural Basis of Hearing, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2011 Jul;130(1):429-39. doi: 10.1121/1.3596462.
At a cocktail party, listeners must attend selectively to a target speaker and segregate their speech from distracting speech sounds uttered by other speakers. To solve this task, listeners can draw on a variety of vocal, spatial, and temporal cues. Recently, Vestergaard et al. [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 1114-1124 (2009)] developed a concurrent-syllable task to control temporal glimpsing within segments of concurrent speech, and this allowed them to measure the interaction of glottal pulse rate and vocal tract length and reveal how the auditory system integrates information from independent acoustic modalities to enhance recognition. The current paper shows how the interaction of these acoustic cues evolves as the temporal overlap of syllables is varied. Temporal glimpses as short as 25 ms are observed to improve syllable recognition substantially when the target and distracter have similar vocal characteristics, but not when they are dissimilar. The effect of temporal glimpsing on recognition performance is strongly affected by the form of the syllable (consonant-vowel versus vowel-consonant), but it is independent of other phonetic features such as place and manner of articulation.
在鸡尾酒会上，听众必须有选择性地专注于目标说话者，并将其讲话与其他说话者发出的分散注意力的语音区分开来。为了解决这个问题，听众可以利用各种语音、空间和时间线索。最近，Vestergaard 等人[J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 1114-1124 (2009)]开发了一种同时发音任务，以控制同时发音段内的时间瞥见，这使他们能够测量声门脉冲率和声道长度的相互作用，并揭示听觉系统如何整合来自独立声学模式的信息以提高识别能力。本文展示了随着音节的时间重叠变化，这些声学线索的相互作用如何演变。当目标音节和干扰音节具有相似的语音特征时，观察到 25 毫秒的短暂时间瞥见可以大大提高音节识别率，但当它们不相似时则不行。时间瞥见对识别性能的影响强烈取决于音节的形式（辅音-元音与元音-辅音），但不受其他语音特征（发音部位和发音方式）的影响。
