Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington.
West Seattle Psychological Services.
Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2011 Jul;17(3):252-260. doi: 10.1037/a0024730.
Previous reports supporting measurement equality between European American and African American families have often focused on self-reported risk factors or observed parent behavior with young children. This study examines equality of measurement of observer ratings of parenting behavior with adolescents during structured tasks; mean levels of observed parenting; and predictive validity of teen self-reports of antisocial behaviors and beliefs using a sample of 163 African American and 168 European American families. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses supported measurement invariance across ethnic groups for four measures of observed parenting behavior: prosocial rewards, psychological costs, antisocial rewards, and problem solving. Some mean-level differences were found: African American parents exhibited lower levels of prosocial rewards, higher levels of psychological costs, and lower problem solving when compared to European Americans. No significant mean difference was found in rewards for antisocial behavior. Multigroup structural equation models suggested comparable relationships across race (predictive validity) between parenting constructs and youth antisocial constructs (i.e., drug initiation, positive drug attitudes, antisocial attitudes, problem behaviors) in all but one of the tested relationships. This study adds to existing evidence that family-based interventions targeting parenting behaviors can be generalized to African American families.
先前支持欧洲裔美国人和非裔美国家庭之间测量等同性的报告通常侧重于自我报告的风险因素或观察到的父母与幼儿的行为。本研究使用 163 个非裔美国家庭和 168 个欧洲裔美国家庭的样本，考察了在结构化任务中观察到的父母养育行为的观察者评定、观察到的养育行为的平均水平以及青少年自我报告的反社会行为和信念的预测效度的测量等同性；该研究采用了四种观察到的父母养育行为的衡量标准：亲社会奖励、心理成本、反社会奖励和解决问题。研究结果支持了四个观察到的父母养育行为衡量标准在不同种族群体之间的测量不变性：亲社会奖励、心理成本和解决问题。与欧洲裔美国人相比，非洲裔美国父母表现出较低的亲社会奖励水平、较高的心理成本水平和较低的解决问题能力。在反社会行为的奖励方面没有发现显著的平均差异。多元群体结构方程模型表明，在所有测试的关系中（除了一个关系外），父母教养结构与青少年反社会结构（即药物使用初始年龄、积极的药物态度、反社会态度、问题行为）之间的关系在种族之间具有可比性（预测有效性）。这项研究增加了现有证据，即针对父母教养行为的基于家庭的干预措施可以推广到非裔美国家庭。
