Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Surg Clin North Am. 2011 Aug;91(4):877-96, ix. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2011.05.003. Epub 2011 Jun 30.
Surgery in geriatric patients is accompanied by increases in morbidity and mortality, increases in functional abnormalities and poor outcomes, and increases in severe malnutrition, compared with surgery of similar magnitude in nongeriatric patients. Hospitalized elderly patients are at significant risk of presenting with, or developing, protein-energy and other nutrient deficiencies. However, nutritional assessment of older geriatric patients, 65 to 100 years of age, is a challenging task because of lack of adequate age-specific reference data in this diverse and heterogeneous population. Dietary counseling and conscientious, aggressive nutritional support are required for optimal metabolic and surgical care of this age group.
与非老年患者接受相同程度的手术相比，老年患者的手术伴随发病率和死亡率增加、功能异常和预后不良增加以及严重营养不良增加。住院老年患者存在出现或发生蛋白质-能量和其他营养素缺乏的重大风险。然而，由于在这个多样化和异质的人群中缺乏足够的特定年龄参考数据，因此对 65 至 100 岁的老年老年患者进行营养评估是一项具有挑战性的任务。对于这一年龄组的最佳代谢和手术护理，需要进行饮食咨询和认真、积极的营养支持。
