The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Ther Adv Urol. 2010 Feb;2(1):3-9. doi: 10.1177/1756287210369121.
Nephrolithiasis is a highly prevalent condition with a high recurrence rate that has a large impact on the quality of life of those affected. It also poses a great financial burden on society. There have been great advancements in the surgical treatment of stone disease over the past several decades. The evolution of surgical technique appears to have overshadowed the importance of prevention of stone disease despite evidence showing medical therapies significantly decreasing stone recurrence rates. Herein we review the metabolic evaluation of stone formers with the use of specific blood and urine tests. We complete our discussion with a review of the medical management of stone formers providing both general recommendations as well as reviewing focused therapies for specific metabolic abnormalities and medical conditions.
肾结石是一种高发疾病，复发率高，对患者的生活质量有很大影响，同时也给社会带来了巨大的经济负担。在过去的几十年中，结石病的外科治疗取得了很大的进展。尽管有证据表明药物治疗可以显著降低结石复发率，但手术技术的发展似乎掩盖了结石病预防的重要性。本文回顾了结石患者的代谢评估，包括使用特定的血液和尿液检查。我们还讨论了结石患者的药物治疗，提供了一般建议，并回顾了针对特定代谢异常和医疗状况的针对性治疗。
