Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2011 Nov;197(11):1073-81. doi: 10.1007/s00359-011-0668-z. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
To determine the effects of thermal preconditioning on a simple form of learning and memory, habituation, we preconditioned crayfish with extreme temperatures and subsequently analysed their effects on mechanosensory input that evokes a response in the lateral giant interneurons, within the normal temperature range of the animal. We found that repetitive stimulation with a 1 s interstimulus interval led to habituation of the response the lateral giant in control animals at 22°C. Neither heat nor cold preconditioning had any effect on the probability of evoking a response in the lateral giant nor on the rate at which habituation occurred. With a 1 min interstimulus interval, however, the rate of habituation of the lateral giant in the heat-preconditioned group was less than either the control or cold-preconditioned animals. The effect of heat or cold pre-exposure was specific to the input to the lateral giant at control temperatures. For example, at 22°C prior heat and cold preconditioning had no effect on spontaneous reductor motor neurone activity. They did, however, provide thermoprotection at extreme temperatures, with the probability of spontaneous activity higher in the cold-preconditioned group at low temperatures but higher in the heat-preconditioned group at higher temperatures.
为了确定热预处理对简单形式的学习和记忆（习惯化）的影响，我们用极端温度对螯虾进行了预处理，然后分析了它们对机械感觉输入的影响，这种输入会在动物的正常温度范围内引起侧向巨大神经元的反应。我们发现，在 22°C 的控制动物中，用 1 秒的刺激间隔进行重复刺激会导致侧向巨大神经元反应的习惯化。热预处理或冷预处理对在侧向巨大神经元中引发反应的概率或习惯化发生的速度都没有影响。然而，在 1 分钟的刺激间隔下，热预处理组中侧向巨大神经元的习惯化速度小于对照组或冷预处理组。热或冷预处理的效果仅针对在对照温度下的侧向巨大神经元输入。例如，在 22°C 时，热预处理和冷预处理对自发还原运动神经元的活动没有影响。然而，它们在极端温度下提供了热保护，在低温下，冷预处理组的自发活动概率较高，而在高温下，热预处理组的自发活动概率较高。
